HistoryData
Historical ConflictCentral Europe

Ulm Campaign

Napoleon's encirclement and capture of 60,000 Austrian troops at Ulm in 1805 eliminated one enemy army before Russian reinforcements could arrive.

Duration & Scope

1805 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

French force size
210,000 troops in seven corps
Austrian prisoners captured
~60,000 at Ulm
Date of Austrian surrender
20 October 1805
Vienna captured
12 November 1805
Battle of Austerlitz casualties
24,000–36,000

Strategic Narrative Overview

Napoleon executed a sweeping wheeling maneuver, rapidly marching his corps to encircle the Austrian army under FML Karl Mack von Leiberich near Ulm. Outflanked and cut off, Mack surrendered approximately 60,000 troops on 20 October 1805. The French then advanced aggressively eastward, capturing Vienna on 12 November. Kutuzov's Russian army withdrew northeast to await reinforcements, leading to the climactic confrontation at Austerlitz on 2 December.

01 / The Origins

In 1805, the War of the Third Coalition brought Austria, Russia, and Britain into alliance against Napoleonic France. An Austrian army advanced into Bavaria, a French ally, before Russian reinforcements could arrive. Napoleon, commanding the Grande Armée of 210,000 troops organized into seven corps, sought to destroy the Austrian force in the Danube valley quickly and decisively to prevent the two enemy armies from combining into an overwhelming force.

03 / The Outcome

The Battle of Austerlitz on 2 December 1805 inflicted 24,000 to 36,000 casualties and forced Austria from the war. The Treaty of Pressburg in late December ended the Third Coalition and confirmed Napoleonic France as the dominant power in Central Europe. These events directly precipitated the War of the Fourth Coalition the following year, pitting France against Prussia and Russia.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

French EmpireBavaria
Peak Mobilized Forces~210K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Napoleon Bonaparte.

Side B

2 belligerents

Austrian EmpireRussian Empire
Peak Mobilized Forces~60K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Karl Mack von Leiberich, Mikhail Kutuzov.

Outcome
French victory; Austrian army of 60,000 captured at Ulm; Vienna seized; Austria withdrew from the war via Treaty of Pressburg

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1805–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1805present1805Surrender at UlmAllied1805Capture of ViennaAllied1805Battle of Auster…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Ulm, GermanyMap of Ulm, GermanyUlm, Germany