Fertility Rate: Estonia
Estonia's fertility rate is currently 1.18 births per woman as of 2024. # Estonia Fertility Rate Estonia's fertility rate stands at 1.
Current (2024)
1.18 births per woman
-9.9% y/y
Peak (1987)
2.27 births per woman
Low (2024)
1.18 births per woman
Source
World Bank World Development Indicators
1960–2024 · 65 pts
Fertility Rate — Estonia
1960 — 2024
Fertility Rate — Estonia
Analysis# Estonia Fertility Rate
Estonia's fertility rate stands at 1.18 births per woman in 2024, marking both a historic low and a dramatic decline from its 1987 peak of 2.27 births per woman. Since 1960, the country has experienced a 40.4% decrease in fertility, reflecting broader demographic shifts across Northern Europe. The current rate sits well below the 2.1 replacement level needed to maintain a stable population without immigration.
The steepest decline occurred after 2015, when the fertility rate was still 1.58 births per woman. Between 2022 and 2024, fertility plummeted from 1.41 to 1.18—a sharp 16% drop in just two years. This accelerating downward trajectory suggests Estonia faces intensifying demographic pressures, with implications for workforce size, tax bases, and social support systems in the coming decades.
Historical Data
65 Rows| Year | Value | Change % |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.18 births per woman | -9.92% |
| 2023 | 1.31 births per woman | -7.09% |
| 2022 | 1.41 births per woman | -12.42% |
| 2021 | 1.61 births per woman | +1.90% |
| 2020 | 1.58 births per woman | -4.82% |
| 2019 | 1.66 births per woman | -0.60% |
| 2018 | 1.67 births per woman | +5.03% |
| 2017 | 1.59 births per woman | -0.63% |
| 2016 | 1.6 births per woman | +1.27% |
| 2015 | 1.58 births per woman | +2.60% |
| 2014 | 1.54 births per woman | +1.32% |
| 2013 | 1.52 births per woman | -2.56% |
| 2012 | 1.56 births per woman | -3.11% |
| 2011 | 1.61 births per woman | -6.40% |
| 2010 | 1.72 births per woman | +1.18% |
| 2009 | 1.7 births per woman | -1.16% |
| 2008 | 1.72 births per woman | +1.78% |
| 2007 | 1.69 births per woman | +6.96% |
| 2006 | 1.58 births per woman | +3.95% |
| 2005 | 1.52 births per woman | +3.40% |
Show all 65 rows
| Year | Value | Change % |
|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 1.47 births per woman | +7.30% |
| 2003 | 1.37 births per woman | +0.74% |
| 2002 | 1.36 births per woman | +3.03% |
| 2001 | 1.32 births per woman | -2.94% |
| 2000 | 1.36 births per woman | +4.62% |
| 1999 | 1.3 births per woman | +1.56% |
| 1998 | 1.28 births per woman | -3.03% |
| 1997 | 1.32 births per woman | -3.65% |
| 1996 | 1.37 births per woman | -0.72% |
| 1995 | 1.38 births per woman | -2.82% |
| 1994 | 1.42 births per woman | -4.70% |
| 1993 | 1.49 births per woman | -12.87% |
| 1992 | 1.71 births per woman | -5.00% |
| 1991 | 1.8 births per woman | -12.20% |
| 1990 | 2.05 births per woman | -7.66% |
| 1989 | 2.22 births per woman | -2.20% |
| 1988 | 2.27 births per woman | +0.00% |
| 1987 | 2.27 births per woman | +4.13% |
| 1986 | 2.18 births per woman | +2.35% |
| 1985 | 2.13 births per woman | -1.84% |
| 1984 | 2.17 births per woman | +0.46% |
| 1983 | 2.16 births per woman | +4.35% |
| 1982 | 2.07 births per woman | +0.00% |
| 1981 | 2.07 births per woman | +2.48% |
| 1980 | 2.02 births per woman | +1.00% |
| 1979 | 2 births per woman | -0.99% |
| 1978 | 2.02 births per woman | -1.94% |
| 1977 | 2.06 births per woman | -0.48% |
| 1976 | 2.07 births per woman | +1.47% |
| 1975 | 2.04 births per woman | -1.45% |
| 1974 | 2.07 births per woman | +0.49% |
| 1973 | 2.06 births per woman | -3.29% |
| 1972 | 2.13 births per woman | -2.74% |
| 1971 | 2.19 births per woman | +0.92% |
| 1970 | 2.17 births per woman | +1.88% |
| 1969 | 2.13 births per woman | +4.93% |
| 1968 | 2.03 births per woman | +6.84% |
| 1967 | 1.9 births per woman | +1.60% |
| 1966 | 1.87 births per woman | -0.53% |
| 1965 | 1.88 births per woman | -3.09% |
| 1964 | 1.94 births per woman | +2.65% |
| 1963 | 1.89 births per woman | -3.08% |
| 1962 | 1.95 births per woman | -1.52% |
| 1961 | 1.98 births per woman | +0.00% |
| 1960 | 1.98 births per woman | — |
Related Data
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For Estonia
Compare Fertility Rate
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Demographics
People & population data