HistoryData
war2021

2021 Myanmar coup d'état — 2021 military overthrow of the Myanmar's officially elected government

February 1, 2021

Myanmar's military ousted its elected government on 1 February 2021, triggering a civil war that has killed over 50,000 people as of 2024.

Quick Facts

Year
2021
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of coup
1 February 2021
State of emergency duration
One year (initially declared)
Killed by junta forces (as of Mar 2024)
At least 50,000 people
Civilians killed
At least 8,000 (incl. 570 children) people
Individuals arrested
26,234 people
Pro-democracy activists executed
4 (July 2022) people

By the Numbers

1
Date of coup
50,000people
Killed by junta forces (as of Mar 2024)
8,000people
Civilians killed
26,234people
Individuals arrested

Location

Map of Naypyidaw, MyanmarMap of Naypyidaw, MyanmarNaypyidaw, Myanmar

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Tatmadaw, Myanmar's military, rejected the results of the November 2020 general election, which had delivered a landslide victory to the National League for Democracy. Military leaders alleged widespread electoral fraud and used this pretext to act on the day before the newly elected parliament was scheduled to be sworn in.

Event

On 1 February 2021, the Tatmadaw detained President Win Myint, State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, ministers, and members of parliament. Acting President Myint Swe declared a state of emergency and transferred power to Commander-in-Chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, installing a military junta and invalidating the 2020 election results.

Consequence

Widespread anti-coup protests were met with violent crackdowns, prompting armed resistance by the People's Defence Force aligned with the National Unity Government. The country descended into a multi-sided civil war still ongoing as of 2026, resulting in over 50,000 deaths, mass arrests, and the introduction of compulsory military conscription in February 2024.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) / Military Junta (SAC)
Key Commanders

Min Aung Hlaing, Myint Swe.

Side B

2 belligerents

People's Defence Force / National Unity GovernmentVarious ethnic armed organizations
Total Casualties (all sides)
50,000
Outcome
Military junta seized power; civil war ongoing as of 2026 with over 50,000 killed and 26,234 arrested.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 202120212018201920202022202320242020 Summer Olympics — games of the XXXII Olympiad, in Tokyo, Japan, held in 2021UEFA Euro 2020 — 16th men’s European association football championshipEurovision Song Contest 2021 — 65th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest2020 Summer Paralympics — 2020 edition of the Summer Paralympics2021 Formula One World Championship — 72nd running of the Formula One World Championship2021 Taliban offensive — 2021 military offensive by the Taliban causing the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan2021 Copa América — Edition's XLVII Copa AmericaFootball at the 2020 Summer Olympics — association football practiced at the 2020 Summer Olympics2021-myanmar-coup-d-tat-2021-military-overthrow-of-the-my-2021