HistoryData
general2022

2022 Kazakh unrest — series of protests in Kazakhstan that began on 2 January 2022 after an LPG price increase

January 1, 2022

The January 2022 unrest in Kazakhstan resulted in 227 deaths and nearly 10,000 arrests, prompting the first-ever CSTO military deployment.

Quick Facts

Year
2022
Category
general

Key Facts

Deaths reported
227
Arrests made
Over 9,900
Protests began
2 January 2022, Zhanaozen
CSTO troops withdrawn by
20 January 2022
Gas price cap restored
50 tenge per litre for 6 months
State of emergency declared
5 January 2022, nationwide

By the Numbers

227
Deaths reported
9,900
Arrests made
2
Protests began
20
CSTO troops withdrawn by

Location

Map of Almaty, KazakhstanMap of Almaty, KazakhstanAlmaty, Kazakhstan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

On 1 January 2022, the Kazakh government lifted a price cap on liquefied petroleum gas, causing an immediate sharp price increase. This triggered protests beginning on 2 January in Zhanaozen, compounded by deep public dissatisfaction with poverty and long-standing grievances against former president Nursultan Nazarbayev, who retained significant political influence as chairman of the Security Council.

Event

Protests spread rapidly from Zhanaozen to major cities, including Almaty, where demonstrations turned violent. President Tokayev declared a state of emergency, Prime Minister Mamin resigned, and Nazarbayev was removed from the Security Council chairmanship. Kazakhstan invoked the CSTO, which deployed troops to guard government buildings and infrastructure. Tokayev authorized lethal force against what he termed armed bandits and terrorists.

Consequence

The unrest left 227 dead and over 9,900 arrested. CSTO forces, deployed in the alliance's first-ever collective military intervention, withdrew fully by 20 January. Tokayev consolidated power, removing Nazarbayev's influence, and restored the LPG price cap as a concession. The government characterized the events as a foiled coup d'état orchestrated by criminal groups and high-ranking officials.

Timeline Context

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