HistoryData
war2023

Naval battle of Operation Prosperity Guardian

December 30, 2023

The first major naval combat engagement of Operation Prosperity Guardian, in which U.S. forces sank three Houthi vessels and halted a boarding attempt on a commercial ship.

Quick Facts

Year
2023
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of initial attack
30 December 2023
Vessel attacked
Maersk Hangzhou (commercial container ship)
Houthi vessels sunk
3
Houthi fighters killed
10
U.S. Navy ships responding
USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69), USS Gravely (DDG-107)
Maersk shipping response
Halted Red Sea transits on 2 January 2024

By the Numbers

30
Date of initial attack
3
Houthi vessels sunk
10
Houthi fighters killed
69
U.S. Navy ships responding

Location

Map of YemenMap of YemenYemen

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Houthi forces operating in the Gulf of Aden had been targeting commercial shipping in the region. On 30 December 2023, they attacked the container vessel Maersk Hangzhou, and the following morning launched a second assault with an apparent boarding attempt, prompting a distress call.

Event

U.S. Navy forces from the aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower and destroyer USS Gravely responded to the Maersk Hangzhou's distress signal. Together with Maersk security personnel aboard the vessel, they repelled the boarding attempt. In the engagement, U.S. forces sank three Houthi small boats and killed ten Houthi fighters.

Consequence

Following the attack, Maersk initially imposed a 48-hour pause on Red Sea shipping and subsequently announced a full halt of transits through the waterway on 2 January 2024, citing continued Houthi threats. The engagement marked an early direct military confrontation under Operation Prosperity Guardian.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States Navy / Maersk security personnel

Side B

1 belligerent

Houthi forces (Ansar Allah)
Estimated Casualties10
Total Casualties (all sides)
10
Outcome
U.S. and Maersk forces repelled the Houthi boarding attempt; three Houthi vessels sunk and ten Houthis killed; Maersk suspended Red Sea shipping.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 20232023202020212022202420252026Sudanese civil war — ongoing military conflict in Sudan since 20232023 FIFA Women's World Cup — 9th FIFA Women's World Cup2023 Formula One World Championship — 74th Formula One season2022 Asian Games — 19th edition of Asian GamesDeaths in 2023 — list of notable deaths in 20232023 Chinese balloon incident — 2023 diplomatic incident involving a Chinese balloon in Canadian and U.S. airspace2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup — 2023 edition of the men's FIBA Basketball World Cup2023 World Athletics Championships — 2023 edition of the World Championships in Athletics2023-attacks-on-the-maersk-hangzhou-2023