The Anglo-Nepalese War ended with the Treaty of Sugauli, fixing Nepal's boundaries and opening relations between Nepal and British India.
Key Facts
- Start Date
- 1 November 1814
- End Date
- 4 March 1816
- Also Known As
- Gorkha War
- Concluding Treaty
- Treaty of Sugauli
- Terrain
- Rugged Himalayan terrain
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
Nepal had expanded both westward and eastward in the late 18th century, bringing its territory into direct conflict with British East India Company interests in northern India. These overlapping territorial ambitions and disputes over border regions created irreconcilable tensions, ultimately prompting both sides to resort to armed conflict.
The British East India Company and the Kingdom of Nepal fought across rugged Himalayan terrain from November 1814 to March 1816. Nepalese forces under commanders such as Amar Singh Thapa mounted strong initial resistance, inflicting early setbacks on British troops. British fortunes improved under Sir David Ochterlony, whose campaigns gradually turned the tide against Nepal.
With both sides having sustained significant losses and unable to continue hostilities, the war concluded with the Treaty of Sugauli in March 1816. The treaty defined Nepal's boundaries, required territorial concessions from Nepal, and established a framework for ongoing relations between the Kingdom of Nepal and British India.
Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis
Side A
1 belligerent
Sir David Ochterlony.
Side B
1 belligerent
Amar Singh Thapa.