HistoryData
war1880

Battle in the War of the Pacific 1879-1884

June 7, 1880

Chile's capture of Arica ended the Tacna-Arica Campaign, secured two Peruvian provinces, and set the stage for the subsequent Lima Campaign.

Quick Facts

Year
1880
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
7 June 1880
Chilean assault force
More than 8,000 troops
Peruvian defenders
Approximately 1,600 troops
Duration of combat
55 minutes
Peruvian casualties (est.)
More than 1,000 men killed
Arica ceded permanently to Chile
Treaty of Lima, 1929

By the Numbers

7
Date
8,000
Chilean assault force
1,600
Peruvian defenders
55
Duration of combat

Location

Map of Arica, Peru (now Chile)Map of Arica, Peru (now Chile)Arica, Peru (now Chile)

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the Battle of Tacna and Bolivia's subsequent withdrawal from the war, Peru was left to fight alone. Chile required a nearby port to supply its army, reinforce troops, and evacuate the wounded, making the Peruvian stronghold at Arica in the Tacna Department the next strategic target.

Event

On 7 June 1880, Chilean forces under Colonel Pedro Lagos, numbering over 8,000 men supported by naval units, launched a combined land-and-sea assault on Arica. The roughly 1,600 Peruvian defenders under Colonel Francisco Bolognesi resisted fiercely; after 55 minutes the Chileans stormed and captured the Morro de Arica. Bolognesi and more than 1,000 of his men died in the battle.

Consequence

The Chilean victory concluded the Campaña de Tacna y Arica, giving Chile control over the entire Tarapacá and Tacna provinces. It opened the next phase of the war, the Campaña de Lima, which ended with the fall of the Peruvian capital seven months later. Arica was eventually ceded permanently to Chile by the Treaty of Lima in 1929.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Chile
Peak Mobilized Forces~8K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Colonel Pedro Lagos.

Side B

1 belligerent

Peru
Peak Mobilized Forces~2K
Estimated Casualties~1K
Casualty Rate62.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Colonel Francisco Bolognesi.

Outcome
Decisive Chilean victory; capture of Morro de Arica and occupation of Tacna and Tarapacá provinces

Timeline Context

Timeline around 188018801877187818791881188218831880s — decade sec XIXTreaty giving European powers access to Moroccan lands and resources1880s international copyright treaty adopted by 160+ countriesAnglo-Ottoman Convention of 1880U.S. battle against Sioux warriors in MontanaSevere wind storm that affected the Pacific Northwest in 18801880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacificbattle-of-arica-1880