HistoryData
disaster1880

Severe wind storm that affected the Pacific Northwest in 1880

January 9, 1880

One of the most destructive storms ever recorded in the Pacific Northwest, with gusts possibly exceeding 100 mph and widespread forest and structural damage.

Quick Facts

Year
1880
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Estimated pressure at landfall
28.45 inHg (Astoria)
Wind gusts in Portland
Over 70 mph mph
Estimated peak coastal gusts
Up to 138 mph mph
Trees felled near Portland
500–600 over 10 miles of railroad
Storm center pressure estimate
Below 955 mb mb
Notable maritime damage
Three-masted schooner wrecked at Coos Bay

By the Numbers

28.45
Estimated pressure at landfall
70mph
Wind gusts in Portland
138mph
Estimated peak coastal gusts
500
Trees felled near Portland

Location

Map of Astoria, United StatesMap of Astoria, United StatesAstoria, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

An intense extratropical cyclone, likely with a central pressure below 955 millibars, developed and moved toward the Pacific Northwest coast in early January 1880. The region had already experienced exceptional snowfall, with over five feet recorded in Seattle just days prior, setting the stage for a compounding disaster.

Event

On January 9, 1880, the storm center made landfall just south of Astoria, Oregon. Portland recorded gusts exceeding 70 mph, while coastal areas may have experienced gusts up to 138 mph. The storm destroyed buildings, barns, and fences across southwestern Washington and northwestern Oregon, and drove a three-masted schooner aground at Coos Bay.

Consequence

The storm caused several deaths and extensive destruction to Pacific Northwest forests, with 500 to 600 trees blown down over just 10 miles of railroad track outside Portland alone. It became known as the 'Storm King' and is considered among the worst storms in the recorded history of the region.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 18801880187718781879188118821883Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 18801880s — decade sec XIXU.S. battle against Sioux warriors in MontanaTreaty giving European powers access to Moroccan lands and resources1880s international copyright treaty adopted by 160+ countries1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 battle of the Second Anglo-Afghan Wargreat-gale-of-1880-1880