HistoryData
war1880

1880 battle of the Second Anglo-Afghan War

April 19, 1880

A British-led column defeated a vastly larger Afghan force near Ghazni, securing the march from Kandahar to Kabul during the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

Quick Facts

Year
1880
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
19 April 1880
British-led force size
7,200 troops
Afghan tribesmen strength
12,000–15,000
Afghan casualties (killed)
2,000–3,000
British/Indian dead
17 killed, 124 wounded
Distance from Ghazni
23 miles (37 km)

By the Numbers

19
Date
7,200
British-led force size
12,000
Afghan tribesmen strength
2,000
Afghan casualties (killed)

Location

Map of Ahmed Khel, AfghanistanMap of Ahmed Khel, AfghanistanAhmed Khel, Afghanistan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In late March 1880, Lieutenant General Donald Stewart departed Kandahar with 7,200 men to reinforce General Roberts in Kabul. The march through largely deserted terrain was shadowed by a growing concentration of Afghan tribesmen, who massed along the hills near the village of Ahmed Khel, about 23 miles from Ghazni, threatening the column's flank.

Event

On 19 April 1880, as Stewart began repositioning his troops to counter the threat, a force of 12,000 to 15,000 Afghan tribesmen charged over the hills. The British-led force struggled to hold their line but ultimately repulsed the attack. After roughly an hour of fierce fighting, the tribesmen fled, suffering an estimated 2,000 to 3,000 killed against British and Indian losses of 17 dead and 124 wounded.

Consequence

Following the battle, Stewart occupied Ghazni the next day and continued to Kabul without significant further resistance. The victory strengthened the British position in Afghanistan; General Roberts ordered a Royal salute fired in Kabul to announce the win and calm local tensions. The battle effectively secured the central Afghan corridor for British operations.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

British Empire (British and Indian armies)
Peak Mobilized Forces~7K
Estimated Casualties141
Casualty Rate2.0%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Lieutenant General Donald Stewart.

Side B

1 belligerent

Afghan tribesmen
Peak Mobilized Forces~14K
Estimated Casualties~3K
Casualty Rate18.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Outcome
British-led victory; Afghan tribesmen repulsed with heavy losses, road to Kabul secured.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 18801880187718781879188118821883Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 18801880s — decade sec XIXU.S. battle against Sioux warriors in MontanaTreaty giving European powers access to Moroccan lands and resources1880s international copyright treaty adopted by 160+ countriesSevere wind storm that affected the Pacific Northwest in 18801880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacificbattle-of-ahmed-khel-1880