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war1646

1646 English Civil War battle

January 9, 1646

A Parliamentarian surprise attack at Bovey Heath disrupted Royalist cavalry and led to the replacement of Lord Wentworth as commander in the West.

Quick Facts

Year
1646
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
9 January 1646
Location
Bovey Tracey, Devon, ~10 miles SW of Exeter
Parliamentarian commander
Oliver Cromwell
Royalist commander
Lord Wentworth
Outcome
Royalist cavalry routed; Wentworth relieved of command
Successor commander (Royalist West)
Lord Hopton

Location

Map of Bovey Tracey, EnglandMap of Bovey Tracey, EnglandBovey Tracey, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following a series of Royalist defeats in southwest England, Royalist forces had retreated toward Exeter. The Parliamentarian New Model Army laid siege to Exeter, prompting the Royalists to assemble a relief army. Parliamentarian commander Sir Thomas Fairfax decided on a preemptive strike to prevent the relief force from forming.

Event

On 9 January 1646, Oliver Cromwell led a Parliamentarian cavalry detachment in a surprise attack on Lord Wentworth's Royalist cavalry encamped at Bovey Heath, near Bovey Tracey in Devon. The unprepared Royalists were routed, though Wentworth and most senior officers managed to escape.

Consequence

The defeat discredited Lord Wentworth, who was stripped of command of the Royalist army in the West. Command passed to Lord Hopton. The action further weakened the Royalist ability to relieve the siege of Exeter and undermined their strategic position in the southwest.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Parliamentarians (New Model Army)
Key Commanders

Oliver Cromwell, Sir Thomas Fairfax.

Side B

1 belligerent

Royalists
Key Commanders

Lord Wentworth, Lord Hopton (successor).

Outcome
Parliamentarian victory; Royalist cavalry routed, Wentworth relieved of command

Timeline Context

Timeline around 164616461643164416451647164816491646 siege that occurred during the First English Civil WarBattle in the English civil war (1646)1646 battle that took place during the First English Civil War1646 Scottish Civil War military engagementbattle-of-bovey-heath-1646