HistoryData
war1942

Anti-air shelling during WWII in Los Angeles, CA, against apparently nothing

February 25, 1942

A false alarm anti-aircraft barrage over Los Angeles in 1942 exposed wartime anxiety and military incompetence shortly after Pearl Harbor.

Quick Facts

Year
1942
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
February 24–25, 1942
Trigger identified (1949)
Meteorological balloon sent aloft at 1:00 am
Official assessment (1983)
War nerves triggered by lost weather balloon
Navy Secretary's verdict
False alarm, per Secretary Frank Knox
Context
Less than 3 months after U.S. entered WWII
Preceding event
Bombardment of Ellwood, CA, February 23, 1942

By the Numbers

24
Date
1
Trigger identified (1949)
3
Context
231,942
Preceding event

Location

Map of Los Angeles, United StatesMap of Los Angeles, United StatesLos Angeles, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Heightened war anxiety gripped the U.S. West Coast following the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 and a Japanese submarine shelling of Ellwood near Santa Barbara on February 23, 1942. A meteorological balloon released at 1:00 am on February 25 triggered nervous gunners to open fire.

Event

From late February 24 to early February 25, 1942, U.S. anti-aircraft batteries unleashed a sustained artillery barrage over Los Angeles in response to what gunners believed was a Japanese aerial attack. No enemy aircraft were present; once firing began, observers reported imaginary targets throughout the sky and nearby batteries joined in.

Consequence

Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox promptly declared the event a false alarm, but newspapers speculated about a government cover-up. The incident became a widely cited example of wartime incompetence and mass panic, later officially attributed to war nerves exacerbated by stray flares and shell bursts from neighboring batteries.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States Army / Coast Artillery
Outcome
False alarm; no enemy aircraft confirmed. Anti-aircraft barrage fired against a weather balloon and imagined targets.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 194219421939194019411943194419451942 A battle on the Pacific theatre of World War IIPlanned World's Fair in Rome cancelled due to WWIISolomon Islands Campaign — 1942 major campaign of the Pacific War of World War IIEsposizione Universale di Roma — project for the 1942 Rome Universal ExpositionMassacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia — massacre of Poles by Ukrainian nationalists during World War IISonderkommando — work units of German Nazi death camp prisoners forced to dispose of corpsesDeclaration by United Nations — treatyInvolvement of Albania in World War IIbattle-of-los-angeles-1942