HistoryData
general1994

Cave of the Patriarchs massacre — mass shooting committed by American-Israeli Baruch Goldstein

February 25, 1994

The massacre killed 29 Palestinian worshippers in Hebron, severely damaged the Oslo peace process, and led to the banning of the Kach party in Israel.

Quick Facts

Year
1994
Category
general

Key Facts

Date
25 February 1994
Killed in mosque
29 people
Wounded in mosque
125 people
Subsequent clashes killed
20–26 Palestinians, 9 Israeli Jews people
Perpetrator
Baruch Goldstein, American-Israeli physician
Kach party outcome
Banned and designated a terrorist organization by Israel

By the Numbers

25
Date
29people
Killed in mosque
125people
Wounded in mosque
20people
Subsequent clashes killed

Location

Map of Hebron, Palestinian TerritoriesMap of Hebron, Palestinian TerritoriesHebron, Palestinian Territories

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Baruch Goldstein, a member of the far-right ultranationalist Kach movement, held extremist anti-Palestinian views. The attack took place during a religiously charged overlap of the Jewish holiday of Purim and the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, at a site sacred to both faiths, amplifying existing tensions in Hebron.

Event

On 25 February 1994, Goldstein entered the Ibrahimi Mosque at the Cave of the Patriarchs dressed in Israeli army uniform and opened fire on Palestinian worshippers with an assault rifle, killing 29 people — including children as young as 12 — and wounding 125 others before being overpowered and beaten to death by survivors.

Consequence

The massacre triggered widespread Palestinian protests across the West Bank and clashes with Israeli forces in which a further 20–26 Palestinians and 9 Israeli Jews were killed. It severely strained the Oslo Accords peace process. Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin condemned the attack, and the Kach party was subsequently banned and designated a terrorist organization by Israel.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199419941991199219931995199619971994–95 UEFA Cup — 24th season of Europe's tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFANorth Korean famine — famine in North Korea from collapse of Soviet aid environmental & infrastructure conditions and corruption1994 European Men's Handball Championship — 1994 edition of the European Men's Handball Championship1994 Genocide against Tutsi — 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda in which 800,000 were killed1994 FIFA World Cup — 15th FIFA World Cup, held in United States1994 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1994 Asian Games — 12th edition of the Asian GamesEurovision Song Contest 1994 — 39th edition of Eurovision Song Contestcave-of-the-patriarchs-massacre-mass-shooting-committed-by-1994