HistoryData
war1880

1880 battle of the Second Anglo-Afghan War

July 27, 1880

A decisive Afghan victory that inflicted heavy casualties on British-Indian forces during the Second Anglo-Afghan War, marking a major setback for British operations in the region.

Quick Facts

Year
1880
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
27 July 1880
Afghan force size
25,000 regulars and irregulars
British-Indian force size
2,476 troops
British-Indian casualties
Up to 1,200 killed
Afghan casualties
2,500–3,000 killed and wounded
Subsequent battle
British defeated Ayub Khan at Kandahar, 1 September 1880

By the Numbers

27
Date
25,000
Afghan force size
2,476
British-Indian force size
1,200
British-Indian casualties

Location

Map of Maiwand, AfghanistanMap of Maiwand, AfghanistanMaiwand, Afghanistan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Second Anglo-Afghan War, Mohammad Ayub Khan marched on Kandahar with a large Afghan army of 25,000 regulars and irregulars, threatening British control of the region. Brigadier-General George Burrows led a relatively small British and Indian force of 2,476 men to intercept him near the village of Maiwand in Kandahar Province.

Event

On 27 July 1880, Afghan forces under Ayub Khan engaged and overwhelmed Burrows' outnumbered British-Indian column near Maiwand. The Afghans inflicted approximately 1,200 killed on the British-Indian side while suffering between 2,500 and 3,000 casualties themselves, routing the British force in one of the most significant Afghan victories of the war.

Consequence

The Battle of Maiwand proved a major setback for British forces, but the advantage was short-lived. On 1 September 1880, British forces decisively defeated Ayub Khan at the Battle of Kandahar, reversing the Afghan gains and effectively concluding the main military operations of the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Afghan forces under Ayub Khan
Peak Mobilized Forces~25K
Estimated Casualties~3K
Casualty Rate12.0%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Mohammad Ayub Khan.

Side B

1 belligerent

British and Indian forces under Burrows
Peak Mobilized Forces~2K
Estimated Casualties~1K
Casualty Rate48.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Brigadier-General George Burrows.

Total Casualties (all sides)
4,200
Outcome
Afghan victory; British-Indian force routed with up to 1,200 killed

Timeline Context

Timeline around 188018801877187818791881188218831880s — decade sec XIXTreaty giving European powers access to Moroccan lands and resources1880s international copyright treaty adopted by 160+ countriesAnglo-Ottoman Convention of 1880U.S. battle against Sioux warriors in MontanaSevere wind storm that affected the Pacific Northwest in 18801880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacificbattle-of-maiwand-1880