HistoryData
war1991

Tank battle fought on February 27, 1991, during the Gulf War

February 27, 1991

The largest tank battle of the Gulf War, fought between U.S. armored forces and Iraq's Republican Guard near Basra on February 27, 1991.

Quick Facts

Year
1991
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
February 27, 1991
Duration
Over two hours
Ridge length
Approximately 7 miles (11 km)
Conflict
Gulf War
U.S. primary unit
1st Armored Division
Iraqi unit
2nd Brigade, Medina Luminous Division

By the Numbers

271,991
Date
7
Ridge length
1
U.S. primary unit
2
Iraqi unit

Location

Map of Basra, IraqMap of Basra, IraqBasra, Iraq

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Gulf War's ground offensive, Coalition forces advanced into southern Iraq to destroy Iraqi Republican Guard units. The U.S. 1st Armored Division and 3rd Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division pushed eastward toward Basra, encountering the 2nd Brigade of Iraq's Medina Luminous Division, a Republican Guard armored formation, along a low ridge west of the city.

Event

On February 27, 1991, U.S. armored units engaged Iraqi Republican Guard forces along Medina Ridge, a roughly seven-mile-long low rise outside Basra. The battle lasted over two hours and involved Iraq's Motorized Division as well. American forces operated between phase lines Kiwi, Smash, and Grape, geographic markers used to track offensive progress.

Consequence

The battle concluded as the largest tank engagement of the Gulf War. The defeat of the Medina Luminous Division's 2nd Brigade contributed to the collapse of Republican Guard resistance in the Basra region, hastening the end of major combat operations in the Gulf War, which concluded with a ceasefire the following day on February 28, 1991.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States (1st Armored Division, 3rd Brigade 3rd Infantry Division)

Side B

1 belligerent

Iraq (2nd Brigade, Medina Luminous Division; Motorized Division)
Outcome
U.S. victory; Iraqi Republican Guard forces defeated along Medina Ridge near Basra

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199119911988198919901992199319941991 FIFA World Youth Championship — International football competitionEuroBasket 1991 — FIBA EuroBasket1991 European Super Cup — football matchEurovision Song Contest 1991 — 36th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1991 Formula One World Championship — sports season1991 Copa América — 1991 edition of the Copa América association football competition1991–92 UEFA Cup — 21st season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup — 1991 edition of the association football competition CONCACAF Gold Cupbattle-of-medina-ridge-1991