HistoryData
war1796

1796 Dutch to British naval surrender

August 17, 1796

The British capture of a Batavian relief squadron at Saldanha Bay secured British control of the Cape Colony and its vital Indian Ocean trade routes.

Quick Facts

Year
1796
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of surrender
17 August 1796
Batavian ships of the line
3 vessels
Total Batavian vessels
9 vessels
Batavian commander
Schout-bij-nacht Engelbertus Lucas Sr.
British commander
Vice-Admiral Sir George Elphinstone
Duration of Lucas' voyage
Nearly six months

By the Numbers

17
Date of surrender
3vessels
Batavian ships of the line
9vessels
Total Batavian vessels

Location

Map of Saldanha Bay, South AfricaMap of Saldanha Bay, South AfricaSaldanha Bay, South Africa

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

After French forces overran the Dutch Republic in 1795 and Britain seized the Cape Colony, the Batavian government dispatched a naval squadron of nine vessels under Schout-bij-nacht Engelbertus Lucas to recapture the colony. British intelligence knew of the plan before Lucas sailed, allowing Elphinstone to reinforce the Cape Colony's garrison and naval squadron in advance.

Event

On 15 August 1796, Elphinstone's superior British fleet cornered Lucas' squadron in Saldanha Bay, where it had anchored to take on fresh water. With his crews in open revolt after a grueling six-month voyage marked by severe water shortages, and recognizing resistance was hopeless, Lucas surrendered unconditionally on 17 August. All nine Batavian vessels were taken into the Royal Navy.

Consequence

The captured Batavian ships were absorbed into the Royal Navy squadron at the Cape Colony, and Elphinstone was later elevated to Baron Keith. Lucas died before a court martial could convict him of dereliction of duty; all other officers were acquitted. The Cape Colony remained under British control until the Treaty of Amiens returned it to the Batavian Republic in 1802.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Great Britain / Royal Navy
Key Commanders

Vice-Admiral Sir George Elphinstone.

Side B

1 belligerent

Batavian Republic / Batavian Navy
Key Commanders

Schout-bij-nacht Engelbertus Lucas Sr..

Outcome
Unconditional Batavian surrender; all nine vessels taken into the Royal Navy

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17961796179317941795179717981799Campaign of the War of the First CoalitionBattle of Derbent (1796)1796 minor naval engagement during the French Revolutionary WarsBattle during the War of the First Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars1796 first engagement of the French offensive across the River Rhine1796 during the ChouannerieBattle of the War of the First Coalition1796 campaign in the French Revolutionary Warsbattle-of-saldanha-bay-1796