HistoryData
war1880

1880 battle in Mexico

October 15, 1880

The Battle of Tres Castillos ended Victorio's War by killing Chiricahua Apache chief Victorio and neutralizing his band after 14 months of conflict.

Quick Facts

Year
1880
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
October 14–15, 1880
Apache killed
78 (62 men, 16 women and children)
Apache captured
68 women and children
Mexican force size
260 men
Mexican casualties
3 killed
Duration of Victorio's War
14 months

By the Numbers

14
Date
78
Apache killed
68
Apache captured
260
Mexican force size

Location

Mexico

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Victorio's War had been ongoing for 14 months as Chiricahua Apache leader Victorio and his followers fought and evaded U.S. and Mexican forces across southern New Mexico, western Texas, and Chihuahua. By mid-October 1880, Victorio's band had entered Chihuahua State with critically low ammunition supplies.

Event

On October 14–15, 1880, Mexican Colonel Joaquin Terrazas led 260 soldiers in surrounding the Apache encampment at Tres Castillos in Chihuahua. With little ammunition to resist, Victorio's band was overwhelmed. Sixty-two Apache men, including Victorio himself, and 16 women and children were killed, while 68 women and children were captured.

Consequence

The defeat at Tres Castillos effectively ended Victorio's War. The death of Victorio and the destruction of his fighting force eliminated the primary Apache resistance in the region, marking a decisive conclusion to one of the most prolonged Apache conflicts of the post-Civil War era in the American Southwest and northern Mexico.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Mexican Army (State of Chihuahua)
Peak Mobilized Forces260
Estimated Casualties3
Casualty Rate1.2%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Joaquin Terrazas.

Side B

1 belligerent

Chiricahua Apache (Victorio's band)
Estimated Casualties78
Key Commanders

Victorio.

Total Casualties (all sides)
81
Outcome
Decisive Mexican victory; Victorio killed and his band destroyed or captured, ending Victorio's War

Timeline Context

Timeline around 18801880187718781879188118821883Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 18801880s — decade sec XIXU.S. battle against Sioux warriors in MontanaTreaty giving European powers access to Moroccan lands and resources1880s international copyright treaty adopted by 160+ countriesSevere wind storm that affected the Pacific Northwest in 18801880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacific1880 naval engagements during the War of the Pacificbattle-of-tres-castillos-1880