The battle ended Albanian resistance to Ottoman enforcement of the Treaty of Berlin, resulting in Ulcinj's transfer to Montenegro.
Key Facts
- Date
- 22 November 1880
- Location
- Kodre, near Gornja Klezna
- Ottoman commander
- Dervish Pasha
- Treaty basis
- Treaty of Berlin (1878)
- Territory transferred to
- Principality of Montenegro
- Resistance group
- League of Prizren (Albanian irregulars)
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
The Treaty of Berlin (1878) assigned Plav and Gusinje to Montenegro, but Albanian inhabitants resisted annexation. After failed attempts to transfer those areas, the Great Powers agreed to substitute Ulcinj as compensation for Montenegro, yet the Albanian population of Ulcinj equally opposed the handover, prompting continued unrest.
On 22 November 1880, Ottoman forces under Dervish Pasha clashed with Albanian irregulars at Kodre, near Gornja Klezna, in the region of Ulcinj. Acting under pressure from the Great Powers, the Ottomans moved against the League of Prizren to suppress Albanian resistance and enforce the cession of Ulcinj to Montenegro.
The Ottoman military action broke the Albanian resistance organized through the League of Prizren, and the town of Ulcinj was successfully handed over to the Principality of Montenegro, fulfilling the Great Powers' compensatory arrangement stemming from the Treaty of Berlin.
Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis
Side A
1 belligerent
Dervish Pasha.
Side B
1 belligerent