HistoryData
disaster1992

6.9-magnitude earthquake that struck Erzincan in eastern Turkey on March 13, 1992

March 13, 1992

A magnitude 6.6–6.7 earthquake devastated Erzincan, eastern Turkey, killing up to 950 people and causing up to $1.5 billion in damage.

Quick Facts

Year
1992
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Moment magnitude
6.6–6.7 (Mw)
Death toll
498–950 people
Injured
~2,800 people
Buildings collapsed
Over 200
Buildings damaged
Over 15,000
Financial losses
$500 million – $1.5 billion

By the Numbers

6.6
Moment magnitude
498people
Death toll
2,800people
Injured
200
Buildings collapsed

Location

Map of Erzincan, TurkeyMap of Erzincan, TurkeyErzincan, Turkey

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The earthquake originated on the North Anatolian Fault, a major tectonic boundary in Turkey that has historically produced multiple magnitude 8+ events. The fault's continued seismic activity made the Erzincan region highly vulnerable, compounded by widespread disregard for building codes that left structures ill-equipped to withstand strong ground motion.

Event

On 13 March 1992 at 20:18 local time, a magnitude 6.6–6.7 earthquake struck near Erzincan in eastern Turkey, reaching a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Horizontal peak ground acceleration hit 0.5 g, and a significant Ms 5.8 aftershock struck Pülümür two days later. Over 200 buildings collapsed and more than 15,000 were damaged.

Consequence

Between 498 and 950 people were killed and roughly 2,800 were injured. Financial losses ranged from $500 million to $1.5 billion. Erzincan suffered severe devastation due to its proximity to the epicenter, though broader infrastructure largely remained intact. The event highlighted systemic failures in local building code enforcement, making it the second major destructive earthquake to strike the city in half a century.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 498 (earthquake)

Range: 498950

earthquakeMagnitude 6.7 Mw
ErzincanPülümürEastern Turkey

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199219921989199019911993199419951992 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1992 Summer Olympics medal tableMani pulite — Italian political corruption scandal in the 1990s1992 AFC Asian Cup — football tournamentBasketball at the 1992 Summer Olympics — Basketball olympic competition in Bacelona, 1992Unified Team — special team of athletes from countries of the former Soviet Union (excepting the 3 Baltic countries) competing in the 1992 Winter and Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games1992 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXV Olympiad in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain1992 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonerzincan-earthquake-of-1992-1992