HistoryData
war1911

1911 battle between the supporters of Francisco Madero and federal troops of Porfirio Díaz in the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution

April 1, 1911

The First Battle of Agua Prieta marked the first rebel use of railroads for surprise and drew US military intervention into the Mexican Revolution.

Quick Facts

Year
1911
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
April 1911
Location
Agua Prieta, Sonora, Mexico
First rebel use of railroads
Yes, for surprise tactical movement
US involvement
US troops in Douglas, AZ intervened after being attacked
Initial rebel outcome
Brief rebel control of the town
Final outcome
Federal troops recaptured town ~2 weeks later

Location

Map of Agua Prieta, MexicoMap of Agua Prieta, MexicoAgua Prieta, Mexico

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In the early phase of the Mexican Revolution, supporters of Francisco Madero sought to challenge the federal forces of Porfirio Díaz. Rebels used railroads to move troops covertly toward Agua Prieta, Sonora, aiming to seize the border town and gain a strategic advantage against the Díaz government.

Event

In April 1911, Maderista rebels attacked Agua Prieta, Sonora, employing railroads for surprise. Federal troops of Porfirio Díaz fought back and, during the battle, attacked US soldiers stationed in Douglas, Arizona across the border. American forces responded by intervening in the fighting, which allowed the rebels to temporarily seize control of the town.

Consequence

After the initial rebel takeover, federal reinforcements arrived within approximately two weeks and recaptured Agua Prieta. The battle is regarded as a turning point in the Mexican Revolution, notable for the unprecedented use of railroads by rebel forces and for drawing the United States military directly into the conflict on Mexican soil.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Maderista rebels (supporters of Francisco Madero)United States Army (intervening force)

Side B

1 belligerent

Federal troops of Porfirio Díaz
Outcome
Rebels briefly captured Agua Prieta with US assistance; federal troops recaptured the town ~2 weeks later.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19111911190819091910191219131914Treaty regulating the commercial fur trade1911 civil disorder in WalesAnti-Jewish riots in South Wales in August 1911Early 20th c. riots in the Champagne area of France1911 siege in the Metropolitan Borough of StepneyEarthquake struck Almaty Province, Kazakhstan on January 3, 1911Earthquake occurred on 18 February, 1911 in the central Pamir Mountains in the Rushon District of eastern Tajikistan1911 massacre of Native Americans by US forcesfirst-battle-of-agua-prieta-1911