HistoryData
general2005

Helios Airways Flight 522 — 2005 aviation accident in Greece

August 14, 2005

The deadliest aviation accident in Greek history, killing all 121 aboard due to crew failure to detect an improperly set cabin pressurization system.

Quick Facts

Year
2005
Category
general

Key Facts

Date of crash
14 August 2005
Total fatalities
121 people
Aircraft type
Boeing 737-300
Route
Larnaca to Prague via Athens
Cause
Pressurization set to manual; crew hypoxia
Operator shut down
Helios Airways, 2006

By the Numbers

14
Date of crash
121people
Total fatalities
737
Aircraft type
2,006
Operator shut down

Location

Map of Grammatiko, GreeceMap of Grammatiko, GreeceGrammatiko, Greece

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Before the flight, a ground engineer set the cabin pressurization system to 'manual' during testing and most likely forgot to restore it to 'auto.' The flight crew failed to catch this misconfiguration during pre-flight checks, allowing the aircraft to depart with the pressurization system in an unsafe state.

Event

Shortly after takeoff from Larnaca on 14 August 2005, the Boeing 737-300 gradually depressurized as it climbed. All 121 passengers and crew suffered critical hypoxia, rendering the pilots incapacitated. Nicosia ATC lost contact with the flight, and the aircraft eventually crashed near Grammatiko, Greece, killing everyone on board.

Consequence

Greece's AAIASB investigation concluded the accident resulted from crew and ground-crew negligence. Lawsuits were filed against both Helios Airways and Boeing. The Government of Cyprus shut down Helios Airways the following year. The crash remains the deadliest aviation accident in Greek history and prompted scrutiny of pre-flight pressurization check procedures.

Timeline Context

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