HistoryData
general1991

Highway of Death — road in Iraq

February 27, 1991

Coalition air and ground attacks on retreating Iraqi forces along Highway 80 destroyed hundreds of vehicles and may have prompted President Bush to declare a ceasefire the following day.

Quick Facts

Year
1991
Category
general

Key Facts

Date of attack
Night of February 26–27, 1991
Vehicles hit or abandoned
1,400–2,000 vehicles
Highway designation
Highway 80 (six-lane)
Iraqi troops estimated escaped
70,000–80,000 troops
Coalition forces involved
USA, Canada, UK, France

By the Numbers

26
Date of attack
1,400vehicles
Vehicles hit or abandoned
80
Highway designation
70,000troops
Iraqi troops estimated escaped

Location

Map of Al Jahra, KuwaitMap of Al Jahra, KuwaitAl Jahra, Kuwait

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Gulf War, Iraqi military forces who had occupied Kuwait since the 1990 invasion began retreating northward along Highway 80 toward Safwan and Basra as the Coalition ground offensive advanced, creating a concentrated column of armored vehicles and personnel on a single road.

Event

On the night of February 26–27, 1991, American, Canadian, British, and French aircraft and ground forces attacked the retreating Iraqi convoy along Highway 80 north of Al Jahra. Between 1,400 and 2,000 vehicles were struck or abandoned, and many of their occupants were killed in what became one of the most documented episodes of the war.

Consequence

The widespread destruction along the highway produced some of the war's most recognizable images of devastation. The scenes have been cited as a contributing factor in President George H. W. Bush's decision to declare a cessation of hostilities the next day, though a large number of Iraqi troops—estimated at 70,000 to 80,000—escaped across the Euphrates into Basra.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199119911988198919901992199319941991 FIFA World Youth Championship — International football competition1991 European Super Cup — football matchEuroBasket 1991 — FIBA EuroBasketEurovision Song Contest 1991 — 36th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1991 Formula One World Championship — sports season1991 Copa América — 1991 edition of the Copa América association football competition1991–92 UEFA Cup — 21st season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup — 1991 edition of the association football competition CONCACAF Gold Cuphighway-of-death-road-in-iraq-1991