HistoryData
war2023

Israeli siege of the Palestinian enclave since October 2023

January 1, 2023

Israel's blockade of Gaza, intensified after October 2023, created famine conditions and drew widespread international condemnation as collective punishment.

Quick Facts

Year
2023
Category
war

Key Facts

Blockade intensified
9 October 2023, declared 'total blockade'
First aid entry after blockade
21 October 2023
Aid blocked to northern Gaza (Jan 2024)
56% of humanitarian aid
Palestinians denied food (Feb 2024)
1.1 million people
Deaths near aid sites (from May 2025)
Over 1,400 Palestinian deaths
Countries calling for end to blockade
27 European countries and 100+ aid organizations

By the Numbers

9
Blockade intensified
21
First aid entry after blockade
56
Aid blocked to northern Gaza (Jan 2024)
1.1people
Palestinians denied food (Feb 2024)

Location

Map of Gaza, Palestinian TerritoriesMap of Gaza, Palestinian TerritoriesGaza, Palestinian Territories

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks on Israel and the ensuing Gaza war, Israel announced a 'total blockade' on 9 October 2023, cutting off food, water, medicine, fuel, and electricity to the Gaza Strip. Israel stated it would lift the blockade only upon the return of hostages taken by Hamas.

Event

Israel imposed and maintained a severe blockade on the Gaza Strip, restricting or entirely halting the entry of humanitarian aid. Periods of complete closure alternated with partial relaxations under international pressure, including a brief easing during the January 2025 ceasefire, before a full closure was reimposed on 2 March 2025.

Consequence

The blockade created famine conditions in Gaza, with aid organizations and over 100 international bodies condemning it as collective punishment. More than 1,400 Palestinians were killed near aid distribution sites after May 2025. The blockade has been cited as contributing significantly to what has been described as a genocide in Gaza.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Israel

Side B

1 belligerent

Palestinian population of Gaza
Estimated Casualties~1K
Total Casualties (all sides)
1,400
Outcome
Ongoing blockade as of August 2025; famine conditions established; widespread international condemnation but blockade not lifted

Timeline Context

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