HistoryData
war1988

1988 Iraqi military operation

April 17, 1988

Iraq recaptured the al-Faw peninsula in 35 hours using massed forces and chemical weapons, reversing a major Iranian gain from 1986.

Quick Facts

Year
1988
Category
war

Key Facts

Duration
35 hours
Iraqi troops deployed
Over 100,000 troops
Iranian defenders
15,000 Basij volunteers troops
Chemical weapons used
Extensively by Iraqi forces
Iranian equipment fate
Much captured intact

By the Numbers

35
Duration
100,000troops
Iraqi troops deployed
15,000troops
Iranian defenders

Location

Map of al-Faw, IraqMap of al-Faw, Iraqal-Faw, Iraq

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In 1986, Iran had seized the al-Faw peninsula during the First Battle of al-Faw, inflicting a significant defeat on Iraq. Over the following two years, Iraq restructured and reinforced its military, particularly the Republican Guard, preparing to retake the strategically important peninsula.

Event

On 17 April 1988, Iraq launched Operation Ramadan Mubarak with over 100,000 troops, including Republican Guard and regular army divisions. Iraqi forces employed heavy chemical weapons against approximately 15,000 Iranian Basij defenders. The Republican Guard's southern assault and the VII Corps' northern push converged, with armoured divisions breaking through Iranian lines and linking up outside al-Faw.

Consequence

The al-Faw peninsula was fully recaptured within 35 hours, with much Iranian equipment seized intact. The swift victory demonstrated the rebuilt Iraqi military's effectiveness and the decisive impact of chemical warfare use, significantly shifting momentum in the Iran–Iraq War in Iraq's favor in the war's final phase.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Iraq
Peak Mobilized Forces~100K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized

Side B

1 belligerent

Iran
Peak Mobilized Forces~15K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Outcome
Decisive Iraqi victory; al-Faw peninsula recaptured within 35 hours

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19881988198519861987198919901991Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics — Track and field athletics events during the 1988 Summer OlympicsBasketball at the 1988 Summer Olympics — international basketball tournament1988 AFC Asian Cup — international football competition1988 African Cup of Nations — football tournamentFencing at the 1988 Summer Olympics1988 Summer Olympics medal table — distribution of medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics1988 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXIV Olympiad, in Seoul, South Korea1988 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonoperation-ramadan-ul-mubarak-1988