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war1945

Battle of encirclement that took place in April 1945, on the Western Front near the end of the second World War, in the Ruhr Area of Germany

April 18, 1945

The encirclement and destruction of German Army Group B in the Ruhr pocket resulted in 317,000 prisoners, effectively ending organized German resistance in western Germany.

Quick Facts

Year
1945
Category
war

Key Facts

German troops captured
317,000 prisoners
Generals captured
24 generals
U.S. casualties
10,000 casualties
U.S. killed or missing
2,000 soldiers
U.S. divisions deployed
18 divisions
Organized resistance ended
18 April 1945

By the Numbers

317,000prisoners
German troops captured
24generals
Generals captured
10,000casualties
U.S. casualties
2,000soldiers
U.S. killed or missing

Location

Map of GermanyMap of GermanyGermany

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The U.S. capture of the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen on 7 March 1945 allowed the 12th Army Group to push rapidly into Germany south of Army Group B, while the Allied 21st Army Group crossed the Rhine in Operation Plunder on 23 March. The two Allied army groups linked up east of the Ruhr on 1 April 1945, completing a massive encirclement of German forces.

Event

Eighteen U.S. divisions of the First and Ninth Armies systematically reduced the encircled German pocket beginning 1 April 1945. After 13 days of resistance, the two American armies met on 14 April, splitting the pocket in two. The German 15th Army capitulated that day, and Field Marshal Model dissolved Army Group B on 15 April. Bulk German forces surrendered on 16 April, with organized resistance ending on 18 April.

Consequence

Approximately 317,000 German troops and 24 generals were taken prisoner, destroying Army Group B as a fighting force. Field Marshal Walter Model, unwilling to surrender, committed suicide on 21 April 1945. The collapse of the Ruhr pocket removed the last significant German military formation capable of defending western Germany and accelerated the final Allied advance toward the Elbe.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States (12th Army Group, First and Ninth Armies)
Estimated Casualties~10K
Key Commanders

General Omar Bradley, Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery.

Side B

1 belligerent

Germany (Army Group B)
Peak Mobilized Forces~317K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Generalfeldmarschall Walter Model.

Outcome
Decisive Allied victory; 317,000 German troops captured, Army Group B destroyed, organized resistance ended 18 April 1945

Timeline Context

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