HistoryData
disaster1707

Loss of four Royal Navy vessels off the Isles of Scilly

October 22, 1707

One of the worst maritime disasters in British naval history, killing up to 2,000 sailors due to navigational failures.

Quick Facts

Year
1707
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Date
22 October 1707
Ships Lost
4 Royal Navy warships
Estimated Death Toll
1,400 to 2,000 sailors
Cause
Navigation errors, faulty charts, inadequate compasses
Location
Rocks off the Isles of Scilly

By the Numbers

22
Date
4
Ships Lost
1,400
Estimated Death Toll

Location

Map of Isles of Scilly, United KingdomMap of Isles of Scilly, United KingdomIsles of Scilly, United Kingdom

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Navigators aboard the Royal Navy fleet were unable to accurately determine their positions due to limitations in contemporary navigation technology. Errors in available charts and pilot books, combined with inadequate compasses, led the fleet dangerously off course as it approached the British mainland.

Event

On 22 October 1707, four Royal Navy warships struck rocks off the Isles of Scilly near the British mainland and were wrecked. Between 1,400 and 2,000 sailors perished in the disaster, making it one of the gravest losses of life in British naval history.

Consequence

The disaster exposed the critical inadequacy of existing navigational methods for determining longitude at sea. It is widely credited with accelerating demand for a reliable solution to the longitude problem, ultimately contributing to the British government's establishment of the Longitude Act in 1714, which offered prizes for practical navigation improvements.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 1,400 (other)

Range: 1,4002,000

other
Isles of ScillyEngland

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17071707170417051706170817091710Ten-day battle in 1707 between Bashkir rebels and the Tsardom of RussiaPart of Mughal war of succession (1707)Two separate attempts by English colonists from New England to conquer Acadia in 17071707 siege, part of Queen Anne's Warscilly-naval-disaster-of-1707-1707