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war1777

1777 battle of the American Revolutionary War in New Jersey

October 22, 1777

A smaller Continental Army force repelled 1,200 Hessian troops at Fort Mercer, boosting Patriot morale and delaying British consolidation of Philadelphia.

Quick Facts

Year
1777
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
October 22, 1777
Hessian force size
1,200 troops
Location
Fort Mercer, New Jersey, south of Philadelphia
Outcome
Continental Army victory; fort fell to British one month later
Conflict
American Revolutionary War

Location

Map of National Park, United StatesMap of National Park, United StatesNational Park, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

British forces sought to consolidate their hold on Philadelphia after capturing the city in 1777. Fort Mercer on the New Jersey side of the Delaware River obstructed British control of the river supply route, prompting commanders to dispatch a Hessian force to eliminate this obstacle.

Event

On October 22, 1777, approximately 1,200 Hessian troops attacked Fort Mercer at Red Bank, New Jersey. The defending Continental Army garrison, though smaller in number, repulsed the assault, inflicting significant casualties on the attackers and forcing the Hessian force to withdraw.

Consequence

The Patriot victory provided a badly needed morale boost and delayed British plans to fully exploit their occupation of Philadelphia. It also relieved pressure on Washington's Continental Army positioned north of the city, though Fort Mercer itself fell to British forces approximately one month after the battle.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States (Continental Army)

Side B

1 belligerent

Hessian forces (British-allied)
Peak Mobilized Forces~1K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Outcome
Continental Army victory; Hessian assault repulsed

Timeline Context

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