HistoryData
general1780

Massacre by Native Americans in frontier Kentucky

June 27, 1780

One of the largest massacres in Kentucky history, killing 17 settlers and intensifying Patriot militia recruitment during the Revolutionary War.

Quick Facts

Year
1780
Category
general

Key Facts

Date of attack
June 27, 1780
Settlers killed
17 people
Total caravan size
41 settlers from 10 families
Westervelt family deaths
10 of 17 killed
Scalp bounty paid
£5 per scalp
Historical marker erected
September 2019

By the Numbers

271,780
Date of attack
17people
Settlers killed
41
Total caravan size
10
Westervelt family deaths

Location

Brooks, Bullitt County, United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Captain Bird's British-led invasion of Kentucky from the north in 1780 prompted Dutch American settlers at Low Dutch Station to flee southward toward the fortified town of Harrodsburg. British-allied Native Americans were already active in the area east of the station, creating dangerous conditions along the settlers' intended route.

Event

On the night of June 26–27, 1780, a caravan of 41 settlers led by Jacobus Westervelt was ambushed by British-allied Native Americans approximately 12 miles from Low Dutch Station, near Floyd's Fork and Broad Run. Seventeen settlers were killed, including men, women, and children, and the victims were scalped, with scalps sold to the British for a bounty of £5 each.

Consequence

The massacre spread fear throughout frontier Kentucky settlements and prompted many survivors and neighboring settlers to enlist in Patriot militia forces under George Rogers Clark. The event's precise location was debated for years until historians reached consensus in 2019, when a historical marker was placed near Brooks, Bullitt County.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17801780177717781779178117821783Conflict (1780–1784) between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Dutch Republic over British and Dutch disagreements on the legality and conduct of Dutch trade with the United States1780 battle of the Anglo-Spanish War during the American Revolutionary War1780 American Revolutionary War battle1780 battle during the American Revolutionary War in the West IndiesEvent in London in 1780June 20, 1780 battle during the American Revolutionary War1780 military engagement of the American Revolution1780 conflict with Shawnee Indianswestervelt-massacre-1780