HistoryData
Historical ConflictAleppo

Battle of Aleppo (2024)

Opposition forces captured Aleppo in under 48 hours in late 2024, marking the first rebel control of the city since 2016 and a major shift in the Syrian civil war.

Duration & Scope

2024 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Offensive start date
29 November 2024
City captured
30 November 2024 (within ~24 hours)
Previous rebel control lost
2016, after battle beginning in 2012
Subsequent fall of Hama
5 December 2024
Lead attacking force
Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and allied Turkish-backed groups

Strategic Narrative Overview

The rebel offensive began several days before fighting reached Aleppo itself. On 29 November 2024, HTS-led forces entered the city, which had not seen combat since 2016. Pro-government forces collapsed rapidly, and by 30 November opposition groups had seized most of the city. Simultaneously, rebel forces pushed into northern Hama countryside, building on the momentum of their swift advance.

01 / The Origins

Aleppo had been under Syrian government control since 2016, when Assad's forces expelled rebel fighters after a prolonged siege. The broader Syrian civil war, ongoing since 2011, left opposition groups regrouped along northern Syria. By late 2024, Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham and Turkish-backed factions under the Military Operations Command launched a large-scale offensive, with Aleppo as a primary objective, exploiting perceived weaknesses in pro-government defensive positions.

03 / The Outcome

Aleppo fell to opposition control by 30 November 2024, representing the fastest and most significant territorial gain by rebels in years. The offensive did not stop there: the city of Hama fell on 5 December 2024. The Assad government's rapid loss of these major urban centers signaled a dramatic deterioration of government control in northwestern Syria, with the conflict's trajectory remaining uncertain.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS)Military Operations Command (Turkish-backed groups)

Side B

1 belligerent

Syrian Arab Army (Assad government forces)
Outcome
Opposition forces captured Aleppo by 30 November 2024 and Hama by 5 December 2024; outcome of broader offensive ongoing

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (2024–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.2024present2024Battle of Aleppo…Allied2024Fall of Hama (20…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Aleppo, SyriaMap of Aleppo, SyriaAleppo, Syria