HistoryData
politics2013

Hindu–Muslim clashes in Uttar Pradesh, India

January 1, 2013

The 2013 Muzaffarnagar riots were the worst communal violence in Uttar Pradesh in recent decades, killing 62 and displacing over 50,000 people.

Quick Facts

Year
2013
Category
politics

Key Facts

Total deaths
62 people
Muslim deaths
42 people
Hindu deaths
20 people
Displaced persons
50,000+ people
Curfew lifted
17 September 2013
Conviction (2022)
BJP MLA Vikram Singh Saini + 11 others, 2 years

By the Numbers

62people
Total deaths
42people
Muslim deaths
20people
Hindu deaths
50,000people
Displaced persons

Location

Map of Muzaffarnagar, IndiaMap of Muzaffarnagar, IndiaMuzaffarnagar, India

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Longstanding communal tensions between Hindu and Muslim communities in Muzaffarnagar district, Uttar Pradesh, escalated in 2013. The Samajwadi Party state government was later found prima facie negligent in preventing the violence, and the Central government was blamed for failing to provide timely intelligence inputs that could have enabled early intervention.

Event

In September 2013, large-scale religious clashes erupted between Hindu and Muslim communities in Muzaffarnagar district, Uttar Pradesh. Sixty-two people were killed — 42 Muslims and 20 Hindus — and more than 50,000 people were displaced. The Indian Army was deployed in the state for the first time in twenty years, and a curfew was imposed across affected areas before being lifted on 17 September.

Consequence

The Supreme Court of India ordered the Akhilesh Yadav-led Samajwadi Party government to arrest all accused regardless of political affiliation. In 2021, a local court allowed the Yogi Adityanath-led BJP government to withdraw incitement charges against 12 BJP leaders. In 2022, BJP MLA Vikram Singh Saini and 11 others were convicted of rioting and sentenced to two years in prison.

Political Outcome

Outcome

62 killed, 50,000+ displaced; army deployed; Supreme Court found state government negligent; convictions issued in 2022.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 20132013201020112012201420152016Eurovision Song Contest 2013 — 58th Eurovision Song ContestJanuary 2013 — month of 20132013 Formula One World Championship (FIA) — 64th season of Formula One motor racing2013 Africa Cup of Nations — football championship of Africa2013 World Championships in Athletics — 2013 edition of the World Championships in Athletics2013–14 UEFA Europa League — 43rd season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFAJunior Eurovision Song Contest 2013 — 11th annual Junior Eurovision Song ContestFIBA EuroBasket 2013 — 2013 edition of the FIBA EuroBasket2013-muzaffarnagar-riots-2013