HistoryData
war2023

2023 Brazilian Congress attack — storming of government buildings in Brasília

January 8, 2023

Bolsonaro supporters stormed Brazil's three main federal government buildings in an attempt to overturn the 2022 election result and remove newly inaugurated President Lula.

Quick Facts

Year
2023
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of attack
8 January 2023
Buildings stormed
Supreme Court, National Congress, Planalto Palace
Time to clear buildings
More than five hours; cleared by 21:00 BRT
State of emergency declared
Federal District, through end of January 2023
Congress ratification of decree
By 10 January 2023
Bolsonaro's location at time
Orlando, Florida, USA

By the Numbers

8
Date of attack
21
Time to clear buildings
2,023
State of emergency declared
10
Congress ratification of decree

Location

Map of Brasília, BrazilMap of Brasília, BrazilBrasília, Brazil

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following Jair Bolsonaro's defeat in the October 2022 Brazilian general election and the inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva on 1 January 2023, weeks of unrest among Bolsonaro's supporters culminated in anger over the democratic transfer of power. Many supporters falsely believed a 'military intervention' could be triggered under Article 142 of the Brazilian constitution to nullify the election result.

Event

On 8 January 2023, a mob of Bolsonaro supporters invaded and deliberately vandalized the Supreme Federal Court, the National Congress Palace, and the Planalto Presidential Palace in Brasília's Praça dos Três Poderes. Brazilian security forces took more than five hours to clear all three buildings, completing the operation by 21:00 BRT. Neither Lula nor Bolsonaro was present in Brasília at the time.

Consequence

President Lula signed a decree at 18:00 BRT imposing a federal state of emergency in the Federal District through the end of January 2023, which Congress ratified by 10 January. The attack drew swift international condemnation. The event, sometimes called the Bolsonarist uprising, prompted widespread legal and political repercussions for those involved in the riots.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Bolsonaro supporters (rioters)

Side B

1 belligerent

Brazilian federal security forces / Government of Brazil
Key Commanders

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (President of Brazil).

Outcome
Rioters expelled from all three buildings after five hours; federal state of emergency declared in the Federal District

Timeline Context

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