HistoryData
war2014

2014 battle in the Syrian Civil War

September 15, 2014

The defense of Kobanî against Islamic State forces marked a turning point in the Syrian Civil War and bolstered Kurdish military credibility.

Quick Facts

Year
2014
Category
war

Key Facts

Siege start date
13 September 2014
Villages captured by IS
350 Kurdish villages
Refugees generated
300,000 (rising to 400,000 by Jan 2015)
City recaptured
27 January 2015
IS withdrawal distance
25 km from city by 2 February 2015
June 2015 IS counterattack
At least 233 civilians killed before IS driven back

By the Numbers

13
Siege start date
350
Villages captured by IS
300,000
Refugees generated
27
City recaptured

Location

Map of Kobanî, SyriaMap of Kobanî, SyriaKobanî, Syria

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Islamic State launched a major offensive on 13 September 2014 to capture the Kobanî Canton and its main city in northern Syria, seeking to consolidate territorial control over the region. The assault generated a mass exodus of around 300,000 Kurdish civilians who fled into Turkey's Şanlıurfa Province.

Event

IS forces overran approximately 350 Kurdish villages by early October 2014 and pressed into Kobanî city itself. Kurdish YPG fighters, FSA factions, Iraqi Peshmerga, and US-led coalition airstrikes combined to resist and then reverse the IS advance, fully retaking the city on 27 January 2015 and clearing most of the canton by late April 2015.

Consequence

The defeat of IS at Kobanî was widely regarded as a strategic turning point in the broader war against the group, demonstrating the effectiveness of combining Kurdish ground forces with coalition air power. The battle earned the epithet 'Kurdish Stalingrad' and significantly damaged IS's reputation for invincibility in the region.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

3 belligerents

Kurdish YPG / Euphrates Volcano (YPG + FSA factions)Iraqi Kurdish PeshmergaUS-led coalition (airstrikes)

Side B

1 belligerent

Islamic State (IS)
Outcome
Kurdish YPG and allies, backed by US-led airstrikes, recaptured Kobanî city on 27 January 2015 and expelled IS from nearly all of Kobanî Canton by late April 2015.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 201420142011201220132015201620172014 FIFA World Cup — 20th FIFA World Cup, held in BrazilEuropean migrant crisis — 2010s migrant crisis in the European UnionRussian annexation of Crimea — annexation of Crimea into Russia in 20142014 Gaza War — war fought between the Israel Defense Forces and the Hamas-governed Gaza Strip during 2014January 2014 — month of 20142014 Formula One World Championship — 65th season of Formula One motor racing2014 Summer Youth Olympics — 2014 edition of the Summer Youth Olympics2014 Asian Games — 17th edition of the Asian Gamessiege-of-kobani-2014