HistoryData
war1898

Treaty of Paris (1898) — December 1898 peace treaty of the Spanish-American War

December 10, 1898

The treaty ended the Spanish-American War, dismantling the Spanish Empire and marking the emergence of the United States as a global imperial power.

Quick Facts

Year
1898
Category
war

Key Facts

Date signed
December 10, 1898
Date in effect
April 11, 1899
Compensation to Spain
20,000,000 USD
Territories ceded by Spain
Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines
Preceded by armistice signed
August 12, 1898, Washington D.C.
Prior US-Spain treaty
Adams–Onís Treaty, 1819

By the Numbers

101,898
Date signed
111,899
Date in effect
20,000,000USD
Compensation to Spain
121,898
Preceded by armistice signed

Location

Map of Paris, FranceMap of Paris, FranceParis, France

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Spanish-American War of 1898 arose from tensions over Spanish colonial rule, particularly in Cuba. After a brief conflict, Spain was defeated militarily, and a preliminary armistice signed on August 12, 1898, halted active hostilities and set the framework for a formal peace agreement requiring Spain to surrender key colonial territories.

Event

Representatives of Spain and the United States signed the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, in Paris, France. Under its terms, Spain relinquished sovereignty over Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. The United States paid Spain $20 million as compensation for the cession of the Philippines. The treaty was ratified and took effect on April 11, 1899.

Consequence

The treaty effectively ended the Spanish Empire outside a few minor holdings and gave rise to the 'Generation of '98' cultural movement in Spain. The United States emerged as an imperial power with overseas territories in the Caribbean and Pacific. The treaty's expansionist implications proved controversial in the U.S., becoming a central issue in the 1900 presidential election between McKinley and Bryan.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States

Side B

1 belligerent

Kingdom of Spain
Outcome
Spain relinquished Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines; United States paid $20 million for the Philippines; end of Spanish Empire's main holdings.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 18981898189518961897189919001901US capture of Guam during the Spanish-American WarAgreement between Britain and France that concluded the partition of West Africa between the colonial powers by finally fixing the borders in the disputed areas of Northern Nigeria, signed in Paris on 14 June 18981898 siege during the Spanish-American War1898 conflict between Spain and the United States1898 earthquake in Northern California, United StatesLes Grandes Baigneuses (The Large Bathers) — painting by Paul Cézanne in Philadelphia Museum of ArtHundred Days' Reform — reform movementin China in 1898Late 19th Century Bushfire in Australiatreaty-of-paris-1898-december-1898-peace-treaty-of-the-s-1898