Physics
Luis Alvarez
“for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis”
Chemistry
Lars Onsager
“for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes”
Physiology or Medicine
Robert W. Holley
“for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis”
Har Gobind Khorana
“for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis”
Marshall W. Nirenberg
“for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis”
Literature
Yasunari Kawabata
“for his narrative mastery, which with great sensibility expresses the essence of the Japanese mind”
Peace
René Cassin
“for his struggle to ensure the rights of man as stipulated in the UN Declaration”