Physics
Russell A. Hulse
“for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation”
Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
“for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation”
Chemistry
Physiology or Medicine
Literature
Toni Morrison
“who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality”
Peace
Nelson Mandela
“for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa”
F. W. de Klerk
“for their work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid regime, and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa”
Economic Sciences
Robert W. Fogel
“for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change”
Douglass North
“for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change”