HistoryData
war2020

2020 Iranian attack on U.S. forces in Iraq — Iranian military offensive on January 8, 2020

January 8, 2020

The largest ballistic missile attack ever against U.S. forces abroad, resulting in 110 traumatic brain injury cases and heightened regional tensions.

Quick Facts

Year
2020
Category
war

Key Facts

Missiles launched
Over 12 ballistic missiles
Primary target
Al-Asad Airbase, Al Anbar Governorate
U.S. TBI cases
110 service members diagnosed and treated
Operation codename
Operation Martyr Soleimani
U.S. fatalities
0
Early warning provider
United States Space Force

By the Numbers

12
Missiles launched
110
U.S. TBI cases
0
U.S. fatalities

Location

Map of Al Anbar, IraqMap of Al Anbar, IraqAl Anbar, Iraq

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

On 3 January 2020, a U.S. drone strike killed Iranian Major General Qasem Soleimani near Baghdad Airport. Iran declared it would retaliate, and the IRGC prepared a ballistic missile offensive targeting U.S. military installations in Iraq as a direct response to Soleimani's assassination.

Event

On 8 January 2020, the IRGC launched over 12 ballistic missiles at al-Asad Airbase in western Iraq and a second airbase in Erbil under the codename Operation Martyr Soleimani. The attack, the largest ballistic missile strike ever against U.S. forces overseas, caused no fatalities but left 110 service members with traumatic brain injuries, primarily concussions.

Consequence

The U.S. deployed Patriot and additional missile defense systems to Iraqi bases in the months following the attack. Some injured service members were awarded the Purple Heart. The heightened alert state of Iranian forces in the aftermath is believed to have contributed to the accidental shootdown of Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752, killing all 176 aboard.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Islamic Republic of Iran (IRGC)

Side B

1 belligerent

United States Armed Forces
Estimated Casualties110
Total Casualties (all sides)
110
Outcome
No U.S. fatalities; 110 U.S. service members diagnosed with traumatic brain injuries; U.S. did not launch a military counter-strike.

Timeline Context

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