HistoryData
war1797

1797 battle of the War of the First Coalition

January 1, 1797

A French victory over Austrian forces in April 1797, rendered strategically redundant when the Preliminaries of Leoben armistice was signed days before the battle.

Quick Facts

Year
1797
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
20–21 April 1797
Combined casualties (killed/wounded)
~6,000 total (approx. 3,000 per side)
Austrian prisoners taken
2,000
Artillery pieces captured
13
French commander
General Jean Victor Marie Moreau
Austrian commander
Anton Count Sztáray de Nagy-Mihaly

By the Numbers

20
Date
6,000
Combined casualties (killed/wounded)
2,000
Austrian prisoners taken
13
Artillery pieces captured

Location

Map of Diersheim, GermanyMap of Diersheim, GermanyDiersheim, Germany

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the War of the First Coalition, French and Austrian forces remained in opposition along the Rhine frontier. General Moreau commanded the French Army of the Rhine and Moselle and sought to press an offensive crossing of the Rhine near Diersheim, unaware that Napoleon Bonaparte had already signed the Preliminaries of Leoben with Austria just days earlier.

Event

On 20–21 April 1797, French Republican forces under Moreau crossed the Rhine and engaged the Habsburg army commanded by Sztáray near the village of Diersheim. Both sides suffered approximately 3,000 killed or wounded in hard fighting before the Austrians retreated, losing 2,000 prisoners and 13 artillery pieces. Austrian General Wilhelm von Immens was killed and Sztáray was badly wounded.

Consequence

Although France achieved a tactical victory, the battle was strategically pointless because the Preliminaries of Leoben had already called for a truce. The engagement enhanced Moreau's military reputation despite its futility, and the losses on both sides served no diplomatic or strategic purpose given the imminent end of the campaign.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

French First Republic
Estimated Casualties~3K
Key Commanders

Jean Victor Marie Moreau.

Side B

1 belligerent

Habsburg Austria
Estimated Casualties~3K
Key Commanders

Anton Count Sztáray de Nagy-Mihaly, Wilhelm von Immens.

Total Casualties (all sides)
6,000
Outcome
French victory; Austrians retreated, losing 2,000 prisoners and 13 artillery pieces

Timeline Context

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