HistoryData
war1797

1797 battle of the War of the First Coalition

March 16, 1797

French victory at Valvasone forced Austrian withdrawal and opened Bonaparte's path toward Vienna, leading to the Preliminaries of Leoben.

Quick Facts

Year
1797
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
16 March 1797
French casualties
500 men
Austrian casualties
700 men
Austrian guns captured at Valvasone
6 artillery pieces
Austrians captured at Gradisca
2,500 soldiers
Distance Bonaparte reached from Vienna
75 miles

By the Numbers

16
Date
500men
French casualties
700men
Austrian casualties
6artillery pieces
Austrian guns captured at Valvasone

Location

Map of Valvasone, ItalyMap of Valvasone, ItalyValvasone, Italy

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

After the fall of Mantua in February 1797, Napoleon Bonaparte launched a northeast offensive to break Austrian defenses in Italy. Emperor Francis II had recalled Archduke Charles from Germany to hold the region, and Bonaparte sought to force a decisive engagement before Austrian resistance could consolidate along the Tagliamento River.

Event

On 16 March 1797, French forces under Bonaparte, with the vanguard commanded by Bernadotte, attacked the Austrian rear guard under Archduke Charles at the Tagliamento crossing near Valvasone. The Austrians were driven back across the river, suffering 700 casualties and losing six artillery pieces, while French losses amounted to 500 men.

Consequence

The Austrian army retreated northeast, and the following day a French division captured an entire Austrian column at Gradisca d'Isonzo, taking 2,500 prisoners, ten guns, and eight colors. The subsequent Battle of Tarvis further pressured the Austrians, and Bonaparte's advance brought his army within 75 miles of Vienna, compelling Austria to negotiate the Preliminaries of Leoben in April 1797.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

First French Republic
Estimated Casualties500
Key Commanders

Napoleon Bonaparte, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte.

Side B

1 belligerent

Habsburg Austria
Estimated Casualties700
Key Commanders

Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

Total Casualties (all sides)
1,200
Outcome
French victory; Austrian army forced to withdraw northeast

Timeline Context

Timeline around 179717971794179517961798179918001797 battle of the War of the First CoalitionTreaty between the USA and Tripolitania, ratified in 1797, and remembered for its position on church-state separationPart of the Rhine Campaign of 1796 during the War of the First Coalition1797 naval battle during the War of the First Coalition1797 naval battle during the War of the First Coalition1797 siege during the War of the First Coalition1797 battle of the French Revolutionary wars1797 naval battle of the French Revolutionary Warsbattle-of-valvasone-1797