HistoryData
war1795

1795 battle of the War of the First Coalition

September 24, 1795

An Austrian cavalry charge routed a larger French force at Handschuhsheim, helping reverse French gains on the Rhine in 1795.

Quick Facts

Year
1795
Category
war

Key Facts

Austrian force size
8,000 men
French force size
12,000 men
Date
24 September 1795
Outcome
Austrian victory; French routed with disproportionate losses
Theater
War of the First Coalition, Rhine front

By the Numbers

8,000
Austrian force size
12,000
French force size
24
Date

Location

Map of Heidelberg, GermanyMap of Heidelberg, GermanyHeidelberg, Germany

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In September 1795, the French government ordered the armies of Pichegru and Jourdan to attack Austrian forces along the Rhine. After early French successes, including crossing the river and capturing key cities, Pichegru dispatched two divisions to seize the important Austrian supply base at Heidelberg, setting the stage for the engagement at Handschuhsheim.

Event

An 8,000-strong Habsburg Austrian force under Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich confronted 12,000 French Republican troops led by Georges Joseph Dufour near Handschuhsheim on 24 September 1795. Despite being outnumbered, the Austrians executed a devastating cavalry charge that broke the French formations and inflicted disproportionately heavy losses, routing the larger French force.

Consequence

Following the French defeat at Handschuhsheim, Austrian commander Count Clerfayt turned against Jourdan's army and drove it back across the Rhine. The Austrians subsequently won at Mainz, Pfeddersheim, and Mannheim, ultimately forcing both French armies onto the west bank of the Rhine and reversing the gains they had made earlier in the campaign.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Habsburg Austria
Peak Mobilized Forces~8K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich.

Side B

1 belligerent

Republican France
Peak Mobilized Forces~12K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Georges Joseph Dufour.

Outcome
Austrian victory; French forces routed with disproportionate losses

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17951795179217931794179617971798Series of food riots and disturbances in England in 17951795 treaty ending the Northwest Indian WarBattle where French forces captured Dutch ships using cavalry1795 naval battle of the War of the First Coalition1795 battle between Nizam and Maratha Confederacy in Western IndiaPopular revolt in Paris on 20 May 1795 against the policies of the Thermidorian ConventionConflict between native Darug people and the New South Wales Corps (1795)1795 event during the War of the Pyreneesbattle-of-handschuhsheim-1795