HistoryData
disaster2004

Earthquake occurred in Niigata Prefecture, Japan on October 23, 2004

October 23, 2004

The Chūetsu earthquake killed at least 68 people and caused US$40 billion in losses, making it the second costliest natural disaster in history at the time.

Quick Facts

Year
2004
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Death toll
At least 68 killed
JMA seismic intensity
Shindo 7 (maximum)
Modified Mercalli intensity
XI–XII (Extreme)
Houses damaged
More than 131,600 across four prefectures
Houses collapsed
17,700 partially or fully collapsed
Economic losses
US$40 billion

By the Numbers

68
Death toll
7
JMA seismic intensity
131,600
Houses damaged
17,700
Houses collapsed

Location

Map of JapanMap of JapanJapan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The earthquake resulted from reverse faulting beneath Niigata Prefecture in central Japan, a seismically active region. The fault rupture generated intense ground shaking that reached the maximum JMA seismic intensity level of Shindo 7, indicating violent shaking capable of causing severe structural damage across a wide area.

Event

On 23 October 2004 at 17:56 JST, the Chūetsu earthquake struck Niigata Prefecture, Japan. The shock produced Modified Mercalli intensities of XI–XII and caused widespread destruction throughout Niigata, with additional damage and injuries reported in Fukushima, Gunma, Saitama, and Nagano Prefectures.

Consequence

At least 68 people died, including 52 whose deaths were attributed to disaster-related illnesses and stress. Over 131,600 houses were damaged and 17,700 partially or fully collapsed. Economic losses reached US$40 billion, making it the second costliest natural disaster in recorded history at the time of the event.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 68 (earthquake)

earthquakeMagnitude 7 JMA Shindo
Niigata PrefectureFukushima PrefectureGunma PrefectureSaitama PrefectureNagano Prefecture

Timeline Context

Timeline around 200420042001200220032005200620072004 AFC Asian Cup — football tournamentAthletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics — competition at the 2004 Summer OlympicsUEFA Euro 2004 — 12th European association football championship2004 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, in Athens, GreeceEurovision Song Contest 2004 — 49th edition of the Eurovision Song ContestCopa América 2004 — 2004 edition of the Copa América association football competition2004 Formula One World Championship — 58th season of FIA Formula One motor racingBasketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics — Competitive event at the 2004 Summer Olympic Gameschuetsu-earthquake-2004