HistoryData
Historical ConflictAïn al-Arab

Siege of Kobanî

The Siege of Kobanî marked a turning point against Islamic State, demonstrating that IS forces could be defeated with Kurdish ground troops backed by US-led airstrikes.

Duration & Scope

2014 2015

1 year

Key Facts

Siege start date
13 September 2014
City recaptured
27 January 2015
Kurdish refugees displaced
~400,000 by January 2015
Villages captured by IS
350 Kurdish villages and towns
IS withdrawal distance
25 km from city by 2 February 2015
June 2015 attack civilians killed
at least 233

Strategic Narrative Overview

Kurdish YPG forces, supported by FSA factions under the Euphrates Volcano joint operations room and Peshmerga from Iraqi Kurdistan, resisted IS advances in and around the city. A US-led coalition began conducting airstrikes in support. By late October 2014 IS had penetrated parts of the city, but the combination of Kurdish ground resistance and sustained coalition air power gradually reversed IS gains, forcing a steady retreat through late 2014 and into January 2015.

01 / The Origins

In September 2014, the Islamic State launched an offensive against the Kobanî Canton in northern Syria, part of the de facto autonomous Kurdish region of Rojava. IS sought to expand its territorial control in northern Syria, capitalising on the broader Syrian Civil War. Within weeks, IS captured approximately 350 Kurdish villages and towns around the city, forcing around 300,000 Kurdish civilians to flee into neighbouring Turkey.

03 / The Outcome

On 26–27 January 2015, YPG-led forces fully recaptured the city of Kobanî. Rapid advances followed in rural areas, with IS driven from nearly all canton villages by late April 2015. A renewed IS assault in late June 2015 killed at least 233 civilians but was repelled. The battle was widely described as the 'Kurdish Stalingrad' and a strategic turning point in the broader campaign against Islamic State.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Islamic State (IS)

Side B

4 belligerents

Kurdish People's Protection Units (YPG)Free Syrian Army (Euphrates Volcano)Kurdistan Regional Government PeshmergaUS-led coalition (air support)
Outcome
YPG and allied forces, backed by US-led airstrikes, repelled IS and recaptured the city of Kobanî and most of the canton by April 2015.

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (2014–2015)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.201420152014Initial IS offen…Allied2014Battle for Koban…Side B2015Recapture of Kob…Side B2015Rural Kobanî Can…Side B2015IS June 2015 cou…Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Kobanî, SyriaMap of Kobanî, SyriaKobanî, Syria