2215 historically significant individuals born on January 1. January 1 is the birth date of 132 notable individuals in history, including ancient religious figures and medieval rulers. Among those born on this date are theologian Sabellius and Buddhist philosopher Aryadeva (both around 200 CE), Christian ascetic Simeon Stylites (389), and Khmer Empire founders Jayavarman II (800) and Indravarman I (900). These figures include influential religious thinkers and empire-building monarchs from various civilizations and time periods.
Total Born
2215
Countries
143
Top Century
12th· 218
Top Field
monarch
432 individuals
Headline Figures
scientist
Vernon L. Smith
1927 – PresentNobel laureate: Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences (2002)
scientist
Sir Martin J. Evans
1941 – PresentNobel laureate: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2007)
monarch
Cnut the Great
994 – 1035Viking king who ruled a North Sea empire encompassing Denmark, England, and Norway from 1016 until his death in 1035.
Birth Distribution by Century
-10th C.21st C.
21st Century
1Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Leah Namugerwa
climate activist
Ugandan climate activist who began striking for climate action at age 15, inspired by Greta Thunberg. She founded the Rise Up Climate Movement and advocates for environmental protection across Africa.
20th Century
78Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Vernon L. Smith
scientist
Nobel laureate: Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences (2002)
Sir Martin J. Evans
scientist
Nobel laureate: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2007)
Irshad Manji
journalistwomen's rights activist
Canadian author and activist who wrote "The Trouble with Islam Today" and advocates for progressive reform within Islam, particularly regarding LGBTQ+ and women's rights.
Muhammad Fahim
military personnelpolitician
Northern Alliance military leader who served as Afghanistan's Vice President from 2009 until his death in 2014.
Sifan Hassan
athleteathletics competitor
Ethiopian-born Dutch runner who won Olympic gold in the 5,000 and 10,000 meters at Tokyo 2020, becoming the first athlete to win both events at the same Olympics since 1972.
Akhtar Mansour
politician
Taliban leader who served as the second Emir of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan from 2015 until his death in a U.S. drone strike in 2016.
Abdullah Yusuf Azzam
activistpolitician
Palestinian Islamic scholar and mujahideen leader who mentored Osama bin Laden and was assassinated in Pakistan in 1989.
David Nalbandian
rally drivertennis player
Argentine tennis player who reached a career-high ranking of world No. 3 and was runner-up at Wimbledon 2002. He won 11 ATP singles titles and was known for his aggressive baseline style and success on clay courts.
Mohammed Omar
politician
Afghan Islamic cleric who founded and led the Taliban movement from 1994 until his death in 2013, ruling Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001.
Davor Šuker
association football player
Croatian striker who won the Golden Boot at the 1998 World Cup where Croatia finished third, later serving as president of the Croatian Football Federation.
Rosario Castellanos
diplomatjournalist
Mexican writer, poet, and diplomat considered one of Mexico's most important female literary voices of the 20th century. Her works explored themes of feminism, indigenous rights, and Mexican identity, including the novel 'Balún Canán.'
Somaly Mam
human rights defenderwriter
Cambodian anti-trafficking activist who founded the Somaly Mam Foundation to combat sex slavery and advocate for survivors of human trafficking.
Jalaluddin Haqqani
military leader
Afghan mujahideen commander who founded the powerful Haqqani network, which became a key Taliban-allied militant group.
Abdul Fatah Younis
military officerpolitician
Former Interior Minister under Gaddafi who defected to lead rebel forces during the 2011 revolution before being assassinated.
Nahed Hattar
journalistpolitical activist
Journalist and political activist who was assassinated in 2016 outside an Amman courthouse after posting a satirical cartoon about ISIS.
Rana Dajani
molecular biologistresearcher
Jordanian biologist, and academic
Fuad Masum
lawyerphilosopher
Kurdish intellectual and politician who served as the 7th President of Iraq from 2014 to 2018. He was a founding member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan and spent years in exile before returning after 2003.
Hasan al-Turabi
ministerpolitician
Islamic scholar and political leader who was a key architect of Sudan's Islamist movement and served as the ideological force behind Omar al-Bashir's regime.
Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab
ministerpolitician
Military general who led the transitional government of Sudan from 1985 to 1986 after overthrowing Gaafar Nimeiry and organized democratic elections.
Achieng Oneko
freedom fighterjournalist
Kenyan politician and journalist
Usman Sarki
ministerpolitician
10th Etsu Nupe former Federal minister
Haman Adama
ministerpolitician
Cameroonian politician
Muhammadu Ribadu
ministerpolitician
Nigerian politician
Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
monarchpolitician
King of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005
Mohammed Magariaf
diplomateconomist
Libyan economist and diplomat who served as President of the General National Congress from 2012 to 2013, playing a key role in Libya's transitional government after the fall of Gaddafi.
Shukria Barakzai
journalistpolitician
Journalist and former parliamentarian who served in Afghanistan's National Assembly and survived multiple assassination attempts for her advocacy work.
Hasan Salihamidžić
association football player
Former Bayern Munich midfielder who won multiple Champions League titles as a player and later served as the club's sporting director from 2017 to 2023.
Bogaletch Gebre
scientist
Ethiopian public health researcher and women's rights activist who founded KMG Ethiopia to combat harmful traditional practices including female genital mutilation.
Ismail Khan
military personnelpolitician
Former mujahideen commander who served as governor of Herat province and later as Minister of Energy and Water.
Hary Gunarto
scientist
Japanese scientist born in Indonesia who has made contributions to chemical engineering research while working in Japan.
Mustafa Abdul Jalil
judgepolitician
Former Justice Minister under Gaddafi who became chairman of the National Transitional Council during the 2011 revolution.
Nayef bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud
poetpolitician
Saudi Interior Minister for 37 years who briefly served as Crown Prince from 2011 until his death in 2012.
Ousmane Sembène
actorfilm director
Pioneering filmmaker known as the "father of African cinema" who directed acclaimed films like "Black Girl" and "Xala" depicting post-colonial African life.
Abdalla Hamdok
economistminister
Economist who served as Prime Minister of Sudan from 2019 to 2022 during the country's transition to civilian rule following Omar al-Bashir's overthrow.
Abdul Hamid
politician
Bangladeshi politician who served as the 20th President of Bangladesh from 2013 to 2023, previously holding the position of Speaker of Parliament.
Ahmad Shukeiri
diplomatpolitician
Palestinian diplomat and politician who founded and led the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from 1964 to 1967.
Idi Amin
military officermilitary personnel
Military officer who ruled Uganda as dictator from 1971 to 1979, responsible for the deaths of an estimated 100,000 to 500,000 people during his brutal regime.
Ta Mok
military leader
Brutal Khmer Rouge military commander known as 'The Butcher' who controlled southwestern Cambodia and was one of Pol Pot's most feared lieutenants.
Sarah Amiri
politicianprogrammer
Minister of Climate Change and Environment who led the UAE's Hope Mars mission as Deputy Project Manager, making the UAE the fifth nation to reach Mars.
Kendall Waston
association football player
Central defender who captained the Costa Rica national team and played in the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups. He has played for clubs in MLS and Liga MX.
Adunis
journalistliterary critic
Syrian poet, writer and translator (born 1930)
Khaled Asaad
archaeologistcurator
Renowned archaeologist and keeper of Palmyra's ancient ruins who was executed by ISIS in 2015 for refusing to reveal hidden artifacts.
Leila Aboulela
novelistwriter
Novelist and short story writer whose works explore themes of Islamic faith, identity, and the immigrant experience, including the novel 'Minaret.'
Adil Abdul-Mahdi
economistpolitician
Economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Iraq from 2018 to 2020 before resigning amid widespread anti-government protests. He previously held various ministerial positions including Oil Minister.
Safia Farkash
nurse
Hungarian-born nurse who became Muammar Gaddafi's second wife and mother to seven of his children.
Zarifa Ghafari
activistpolitician
Women's rights activist who became one of Afghanistan's first female mayors when appointed to lead Maidan Shar in 2019 at age 24.
Syed Nazrul Islam
politician
Bangladeshi independence leader who served as the first Acting President of Bangladesh during the 1971 Liberation War. He was assassinated along with other founding leaders in 1975.
Jane Luu
astronomer
Vietnamese-American astronomer who co-discovered the first Kuiper Belt object beyond Pluto and Neptune in 1992, fundamentally changing our understanding of the solar system. Her discovery of 15760 Albion opened up the field of trans-Neptunian object research.
Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad
politician
Bangladeshi politician who briefly served as President for three months in 1975 after the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. He was later overthrown in another military coup and spent years in prison.
Fawzia Koofi
politician
Afghan politician and women's rights advocate who served as Deputy Speaker of Parliament and was one of the few female candidates in the 2019 presidential election.
Shehan Karunatilaka
writer
Won the 2022 Booker Prize for his novel "The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida," making him the second Sri Lankan author to receive this prestigious literary award.
Muhammad al-Bashir
education managerengineer
Syrian engineer who served as interim Prime Minister during the 2024 transition following Assad's fall from power.
Essam Sirius
military personnelpolitician
Syrian military officer and politician who served in various government positions during the Ba'ath Party era.
Muhammad az-Zanati
politician
Veteran politician who served in various government positions during and after the Gaddafi era.
Ahmed Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah
politician
Current Prime Minister of Kuwait, appointed to the position in 2022 by Emir Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. He previously served in various governmental roles and is tasked with leading economic and administrative reforms.
Nureddin al-Atassi
politician
Ba'ath Party leader who served as President of Syria from 1966-1970 until being overthrown in Hafez al-Assad's military coup.
Gaafar Nimeiry
politician
Military officer who ruled Sudan as president from 1969 to 1985 after seizing power in a coup, known for implementing Islamic law and socialist policies.
Afonso Dhlakama
politician
Leader of the opposition RENAMO party from 1984 until his death in 2018, who commanded rebel forces during Mozambique's civil war and later became a key political figure.
Jean-Max Bellerive
politician
Economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Haiti from 2009 to 2011, including during the devastating 2010 earthquake. He coordinated much of the international relief and reconstruction efforts.
Chipo Chung
actorfilm actor
British-Zimbabwean actress who has appeared in films including Sunshine and Doctor Who, and on stage with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
Hussein Arnous
civil servantpolitician
Syrian engineer and civil servant who became Prime Minister in 2020, overseeing government operations during the ongoing civil conflict.
Salih Mahmoud Osman
lawyerpolitician
Sudanese human rights lawyer and politician who won the 2007 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought from the European Parliament. He has represented victims of the Darfur conflict and other human rights cases while facing persecution for his legal advocacy work.
Khaldoon Al Mubarak
business executiveentrepreneur
Chairman of Manchester City Football Club and CEO of Mubadala Investment Company, one of the world's largest sovereign wealth funds.
Bazilio Olara-Okello
military personnelpolitician
Ugandan military officer who served as head of state from July 1985 to January 1986 as chairman of the Military Council. He came to power after overthrowing Milton Obote but was himself overthrown by Yoweri Museveni's forces.
Joseph Kony
military personnelpolitician
Fugitive warlord who leads the Lord's Resistance Army, a rebel group responsible for widespread atrocities across northern Uganda and neighboring countries since the 1980s.
Ali Maâloul
association football player
Egypt association football player
Paolo Guerrero
association football player
Peru's captain and all-time leading goalscorer with over 39 international goals who has played for clubs including Bayern Munich, Hamburger SV, and Internacional.
Haji Mohammad Chamkani
politician
Communist-era politician who served as acting head of state of Afghanistan from May 1986 to September 1987.
Niloofar Rahmani
aircraft pilot
Afghanistan's first female fixed-wing Air Force pilot who completed flight training in 2013 and later sought asylum in the United States.
Tito Okello
politician
Military officer who briefly served as President of Uganda for six months (1985-1986) after overthrowing Milton Obote before being ousted by Yoweri Museveni.
Omar al-Bashir
politician
Sudanese military officer who ruled Sudan as president from 1989 to 2019 before being overthrown and later indicted by the International Criminal Court for genocide and crimes against humanity in Darfur.
Kim Tok-hun
politician
North Korean politician who currently serves as Premier of North Korea, appointed in 2019. He previously held various positions in the Workers' Party of Korea economic departments.
Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf
military personnelpolitician
Defense minister under Omar al-Bashir who briefly served as head of Sudan's military council for one day in April 2019 before stepping down.
Norma Cruz
human rights defender
Norma Cruz is a prominent Guatemalan human rights activist who founded the Survivors Foundation to support victims of violence and femicide.
Hemedti
military personnelwar criminal
Paramilitary leader who commands the Rapid Support Forces and has been accused of war crimes during conflicts in Darfur and the ongoing Sudanese civil war.
John X of Antioch
Eastern Orthodox priest
Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East since 2012, leading one of the oldest Christian patriarchates.
Shou Zi Chew
chief executive officer
CEO of TikTok since 2021, leading the popular social media platform used by over one billion people worldwide. He previously held senior positions at Xiaomi and worked as an investment banker.
Mary Akrami
women's rights activist
Afghani activist
19th Century
37Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Pierre de Coubertin
founderhistorian
French educator and historian who founded the modern Olympic Games in 1896 and served as president of the International Olympic Committee for 29 years.
Jamal al-Din al-Afghani
journal editorjournalist
Political activist and Islamic ideologist (1838–1897)
Satyendra Nath Bose
mathematicianphysicist
Theoretical physicist whose work on quantum mechanics led to the discovery of Bose-Einstein statistics and the concept of bosons, named in his honor.
Sándor Petőfi
actorpoet
Hungarian romantic poet and revolutionary leader whose patriotic verses inspired the 1848 Hungarian Revolution against Austrian rule. He disappeared during the Battle of Segesvár and became a national martyr.
Abdur Rahman Khan
politician
Emir of Afghanistan from 1880 to 1901
Robert Meacham
ministerpolitician
American politician
Julia H. Thayer
poetuniversity president
American poet; college president and faculty (1847-1944)
Saturnino Cedillo
military personnelminister
Mexican politician and military personnel (1890-1939)
Anton Höfer
military personnelminister
Austro-Hungarian general
William Jernagin
activistminister
American minister, activist (1870–1958)
Milan Piroćanac
historianjudge
Serbian politician and judge (1837–1897)
James Franklin Lane
teacheruniversity president
American educator, college president (1874–1944)
Mahmoud Fehmy
engineerpolitician
Egyptian politician
François Van Rysselberghe
inventormeteorologist
Belgian scientist
Timoleon Argyropoulos
mathematicianphysicist
Greek University Professor
Jaime Batalha Reis
agricultural engineerdiplomat
Portuguese Agronomist and Diplomat
Thomas Peterkin
engineerlocal politician
New Zealand engineer and politician
Zygmunt Mineyko
civil engineerclassical archaeologist
Polish aristocrat, army officer, scientist and engineer (1840-1925)
Adriano de Paiva
physicistpolitician
Portuguese physicist (1847–1907)
Konstantinos Mitsopoulos
physicistuniversity teacher
Greek scientist and university professor
Robert Vinçotte
engineermining engineer
Engineer (1844–1904)
Ioannis Chatzidakis
mathematicianphysicist
Greek scientist and university professor
Arthur Wakefield Carkeek
engineersurveyor
Recipient of the New Zealand Cross (1843-1897)
Vassilios Lakon
mathematicianuniversity teacher
Greek mathematician and university professor
Thibaw Min
monarch
The last king of the Konbaung Dynasty who ruled Burma from 1878 until the British completed their conquest in 1885.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
army officerpolitician
Turkish military officer who led the Turkish War of Independence and founded the modern Republic of Turkey in 1923, serving as its first president until 1938.
Kim Tu-bong
linguistpolitician
Korean linguist who developed the Korean alphabet romanization system and served as the first chairman of North Korea's Supreme People's Assembly.
Peljidiin Genden
politician
Mongolian politician (1892-1937)
Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
politician
Iraqi politician and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Iraq (1892-1965)
Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
politician
Ruled as the 10th Sheikh of Kuwait from 1921 to 1950, overseeing the country's transition from a pearl-diving economy to an oil-based one. His reign marked the beginning of Kuwait's modern development with the discovery of oil in 1938.
Mohammad Ayub Khan
military personnel
Son of Sher Ali Khan who briefly claimed the Afghan throne in 1879-1880 during the Second Anglo-Afghan War.
Albert John Mvumbi Luthuli
anti-apartheid activistautobiographer
Teacher and Zulu chief who became the first African to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 1960 for his nonviolent resistance to apartheid. He served as president of the African National Congress from 1952 to 1967.
Manuel Roxas
autobiographerpolitician
President of the Philippines from 1946 to 1948
Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah
politician
Ruled as the 11th Sheikh of Kuwait from 1950 to 1965 and is credited with establishing Kuwait's modern constitutional monarchy. Under his leadership, Kuwait gained independence from Britain in 1961 and adopted its first constitution in 1962.
Josephine Bakhita
nunreligious sister
Former slave who became a Catholic nun in Italy and was canonized as a saint in 2000, making her the patron saint of Sudan.
Thích Quảng Đức
Buddhist monk
Vietnamese Buddhist monk who burned himself to death in Saigon on June 11, 1963, in protest against the South Vietnamese government's oppression of Buddhists.
Karoli Lwanga
religious leader
Ugandan Catholic catechist and martyr who was executed in 1886 during the persecution of Christians under Kabaka Mwanga II. He was canonized as a saint by Pope Paul VI in 1964 and is considered the leader of the Uganda Martyrs.
18th Century
81Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Utagawa Hiroshige
painterukiyo-e artist
Japanese ukiyo-e artist famous for his landscape woodblock prints, particularly 'The Fifty-three Stations of the Tōkaidō.' He was one of the last great masters of the ukiyo-e tradition.
Samuel Doak
Christian ministereducator
American clergyman and abolitionist
Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, 14th Duke of Frías
diplomatmilitary personnel
Spanish politician (1783-1851)
Abhiman Singh Basnyat
military officerminister
Mul (Chief) Kazi of Nepal
Teriitaria II
combatantmonarch
Queen of Tahiti
Solomon I of Imereti
monarchpublic figure
King of Imereti
Nguyễn Huệ
military leadermonarch
Vietnamese military leader and emperor who led the Tay Son rebellion against the Nguyen lords and ruled as Emperor Quang Trung from 1788 until his death in 1792.
James Caldwell
military chaplainminister
Presbyterian minister of the First Presbyterian Church of Elizabeth, New Jersey
Adil Shah
monarchruler
The second Afsharid king (1747–1748)
Francisco Ruiz-Tagle
military personnelminister
President of Chile (1790-1860)
Jean Hupeau
architectengineer
French architect and engineer
Giovanni Salvemini
astronomerjurist
Italian mathematician (1709-1791)
Samuel Guthrie
chemistengineer
American physician
Pierre Le Roy
astronomerphysicist
French clockmaker
Samuel Brown
engineerinventor
English engineer and inventor (1799–1849)
Joseph Dixon
businesspersoninventor
American inventor
John Benjamin Macneill
civil engineerengineer
Irish civil engineer
Joseph Dart
businesspersoninventor
American jurist, businessperson and inventor (1799-1879)
Gridley Bryant
businesspersoninventor
American engineer
Francis Maceroni
autobiographerinventor
British inventor
Martin E. Thompson
architectcivil engineer
American architect
James Drummond
botanical collectorbotanist
Australian botanist (1787-1863)
John Adolphus Etzler
inventorphilosopher
American writer
Achille-Nicolas Isnard
economistengineer
French economist (1748-1803)
Edward Bancroft
chemistexplorer
British naturalist and chemist (1745-1821) (1745 in New-Style dating)
Patrick Wilson
astronomerbusinessperson
Scottish astronomer (1743-1811)
Joseph Huddart
engineerhydrographer
Hydrographer and rope manufacturer
Thomas Hyde Page
civil engineerengineer
British civil engineer; (1746-1821)
Juan de Lángara
cartographerexplorer
Admiral of the Spanish Navy (1736–1806)
Andō Shōeki
philosopherphysician
Japanese philosopher
Ajima Naonobu
astronomermathematician
Japanese mathematician
John Hadley
chemistphysician
British physician and chemist
Mihalj Šilobod
mathematicianmilitary officer
Croatian mathematician
Hiraga Gennai
botanistessayist
Japanese pharmacologist and writer (1728-1780)
Bartolomeo Pollastri
astronomermathematician
Italian mathematician and astronomer (18th century)
Samuel Holland
cartographermilitary engineer
British Army officer and surveyor (1728–1801)
Fortunato da Brescia
anatomistmathematician
(1701-1754)
Thomas Boulsover
inventorknife maker
English cutler and inventor
Alexander MacFarlane
astronomermathematician
Mathematician, astronomer, merchant and slave-owner in Kingston, Jamaica (c.1702–1755)
Guillaume Le Blond
encyclopédistesmathematician
French mathematician and military historian
Marcus Elieser Bloch
ichthyologistnaturalist
German physician and zoologist (1723–1799)
Jens Kraft
mathematicianphilosopher
Danish mathematician
Humphrey Gainsborough
civil engineercleric
British engineer and minister; (1718-1776)
Richard Watson
Anglican priestchemist
Welsh Anglican bishop and academic
William Bull
Christian ministermathematician
British minister
Jean-Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy
entomologistgeologist
French physician and entomologist (1799–1857)
Hori Kingi Te Anaua
monarch
New Zealand Māori leader (died 1868)
Mzilikazi
monarch
Ndebele king
Pakubuwono II
monarch
Founder of the Sunanate of Surakarta; Susuhunan of Surakarta, 1726-1742
Nguyễn Nhạc
monarch
Vietnamese emperor
Santa Rita Durão
friarlibrarian
Brazilian orator, poet and priest
Kiril Zhivkovich
Eastern Orthodox priestwriter
Serbian writer and Orthodox bishop
Muhammadu Bello
historianpoet
Sultan of Sokoto
Milovan Vidaković
linguistpoet
Serbian writer
José Benito Monterroso
Catholic priestphilosopher
Uruguayan priest
Enugula Veeraswamayya
travelerwriter
Telugu writer, traveller
Anna Doyle Wheeler
philosophersalonnière
Writer and women's rights advocate
Barry Edward O'Meara
surgeonwriter
Irish surgeon who accompanied Napoleon to St. Helena
Konstantin Fotinov
Bible translatorjournalist
Bulgarian writer
Abraham Dob Bär Lebensohn
poetwriter
Lithuanian Jewish academic (1794–1878)
Tenka Stefanović
politicianwriter
Serbian politician
Karol Boromeusz Hoffman
historianjurist
Polish author and historian (1798–1875)
Pedro de Garmendia
journalistpolitician
Argentinian politician
Georgios Psyllas
journalistpolitician
Greek politician and journalist (1794-1878)
Theodoros Manousis
historianjudge
Greek university professor
Karol Boscamp-Lasopolski
adventurerdiarist
Dutch diplomat
Emmanouil Antoniadis
journalistnewspaper proprietor
Greek journalist and politician
Andreas Kalvos
journalistplaywright
Greek poet (1792–1869)
Paramanuchitchinorot
Buddhist monkpoet
Supreme Patriarch of Siam
Mariano Gálvez
journalistlawyer
Governor of the State of Guatemala
María Guadalupe Cuenca
women letter writerwriter
Argentine writer
Konstantinos Asopios
philologistphysician
Greek university professor
Diego José Benavente Bustamante
historianjournalist
Chilean journalist and politician (1790-1867)
Domingos Caldas Barbosa
composerpoet
Brazilian musician and poet
Isaac Nathan
composerethnomusicologist
Anglo-Australian composer, musicologist, journalist and self-publicist
Thaddeus Connellan
historianlinguist
Irish school-teacher, poet and historian
Nikolaos Kasomoulis
historianmilitary personnel
Greek writer (1795–1872)
George Gurnett
journalistpolitician
Canadian politician (1792-1861)
Saud al-Kabeer
imammonarch
Ruler of the Emirate of Diriyah from 1803 to 1814
Zaman Shah Durrani
sovereign
Durrani ruler who governed Afghanistan from 1793 to 1801 during a period of territorial expansion and internal conflict.
Shah Shujah Durrani
sovereign
Emir of Afghanistan (1839-1842) and ruler of the Durrani Empire (1803-1809)
17th Century
105Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Dietrich Buxtehude
church musiciancomposer
Danish-German organist and composer (1637–1707)
Matsuo Bashō
poet
Japanese poet (1644–1694)
Pierre de Fermat
judgejurist
French mathematician and lawyer
Trịnh Cương
monarchpoet
5th Trịnh Lord
François Le Gouz, sieur de La Boullaye (1623-1667)
ambassadorexplorer
Angevin noble gentleman and traveller
Mạc Cửu
explorermonarch
Chinese adventurer
José de Grimaldo
civil servantminister
Spanish noble (1664-1733)
Garcia IV of Kongo
Kingdom of Kongosovereign
Marquis of Matari
John Canoe
kingmerchant
Akan warrior
Alexander III of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Imereti 1639-1660
Queen Anu
politicianqueen consort
Mongolian noble
Bagrat V of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Imereti
John William, Baron Ripperda
diplomatminister
Prime Minister of Spain (1682-1737)
Saadat Ali Khan I
aristocratmilitary leader
Indian politician
Henri de Guénégaud
Beamterchancellor
French politician
Ambrose Godfrey
apothecarychemist
German-English chemist, inventor of the fire extinguisher (1660-1741)
Alain Manesson Mallet
cartographerengineer
French cartographer and military engineer (1630–1706)
Gabriel Wagner
mathematiciannaturalist
German philosopher
Adrian von Mynsicht
chemistphysician
German alchemist
Hennig Brand
chemistmerchant
German merchant
Jean Bourdon
cartographerengineer
New France engineer, surveyor and attorney-general (1601–1668)
Joachim d'Alencé
astronomerphysician
French astronomer (-1707)
Guglielmo Gargiolli
engineermathematician
Italian mathematician and engineer (17th century)
Johannes Mejer
cartographermathematician
German mathematician and cartographer (1606–1674)
Étienne de Flacourt
biologistcolonial administrator
French colonial governor and scholar (1607–1660)
Domenico Griminelli
mathematicianreligious
Italian mathematician and priest (17th century)
Ovidio Montalbani
astrologermathematician
Italian mathematician
Cornelio Malvasia
astronomermilitary personnel
Italian astronomers
Francisco Ruiz Lozano
astronomermathematician
Peruvian astronomer
Sébastien Pontault de Beaulieu
engineergeographer
French engineer (1612–1674)
Claude Clerselier
juristmathematician
French writer
Alessandro Capra
architectengineer
Italian architect
Georg Andreas Böckler
architectengineer
German architect and engineer
John Goad
astronomerteacher
English head-master
Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa
Catholic priestmathematician
Jesuit mathematician
Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont
chemistdiplomat
Flemish alchemist and writer
Leonardo Di Capua
philosopherphysician
Italian scientist and salon-holder
Pierre Borel
archaeologistbotanist
French scholar (1620-1671)
Edme Mariotte
botanistCatholic priest
French physicist, chemist, botanist and priest
Vincent Wing
astrologerastronomer
English astronomer
William Leybourn
mathematicianwriter
English surveyor and mathematician
Johan Caspar von Cicignon
military engineermilitary officer
Danish/Luxembourgian military officer
Johann von Löwenstern-Kunckel
chemistglassblower
Swedish noble and chemist
Matteo Campani-Alimenis
inventorpresbyter
Italian presbyter and inventor
Nathaniel Nye
astronomerauthor
British mathematician and astronomer
Johann Friedrich Schweitzer
alchemistbotanist
Dutch alchemist (1630-1709)
Abraham César Lamoureux
engineersculptor
French sculptor who worked mainly in Sweden and Denmark
Denis Dodart
anatomistbotanist
French naturalist, physician (1634-1707)
Johann Zahn
cartographermathematician
German writer
Jacques Tarade
architectengineer
French military engineer
François Dollier de Casson
engineerexplorer
French missionary
Humphrey Gower
Anglican priestscientist
English priest
Thomas Tompion
inventorwatchmaker
British clockmaker; (1638-1713)
Jean Prestet
Catholic priestmathematician
French priest and mathematician
Pierre Varignon
Catholic priestmathematician
French mathematician
Sébastien Truchet
architectdesigner
French Dominican priest, inventor, and scientist (1657–1729)
Johann Jacob Zimmermann
astrologerastronomer
German theologian
Guy Tachard
Catholic priestdiplomat
French Jesuit missionary and mathematician
Michelangelo Fardella
astronomermathematician
Italian scientist
Chrysanthus Notaras
astronomercartographer
Greek Polymath and Patriarch of Jerusalem
Methodios Anthrakites
astronomercleric
Greek philosopher and polymath
Giovanni Antonio Capello
painterphysicist
Italian painter (1669-1741)
James Puckle
inventorwriter
British firearm designer (1677–1724)
Angelo Marchetti
cosmographermathematician
Matemático y cosmógrafo italiano
Johann Adolph Wedel
chemistuniversity teacher
Physician, chemist
Ignazio Bertola
architectengineer
Italian military architect
Louis de l'Isle
astronomerexplorer
French explorer and astronomer
Raphael Levi Hannover
astronomermathematician
German astronomer and mathematician
Jonas Erickson Sundahl
architectengineer
German architect
Johann Heinrich von Heucher
botanistgeologist
German botanist and physicist (1677-1746)
Charles Hayes
geographermathematician
British mathematician (1678–1760)
Celia Grillo Borromeo
mathematicianphilosopher
Italian mathematician and scientist
Michael Christoph Hanow
historianlibrarian
German historian and scientist
Bernard Forest de Bélidor
engineerhydraulic engineer
French engineer (*1698 – †1761)
Carlos Mardel
architectengineer
Hungarian-born Portuguese architect and military engineer (1695-1763)
Jean-Baptiste de Sénac
cardiologistchemist
French cardiologist
Sámuel Mikoviny
astronomercartographer
Slovak cartographer, engineer-surveyor, mathematician, astronomer and polymath
Juan Martín Cermeño
architectmilitary engineer
Spanish architect, military engineer, and lieutenant general
Jean Banières
authorphysicist
French philosopher (18th century)
Edmund Stone
mathematiciantranslator
Scottish mathematician
Jean Richer
astronomergeodesist
French astronomer
Paolo Casati
astronomermathematician
Italian mathematician
Richard Waller
naturalisttranslator
English naturalist, translator and illustrator
Jacques Rohault
mathematicianphilosopher
French scientist
Iyasu I
monarch
Emperor of Ethiopia
Rajasinghe II of Kandy
monarch
Sinhalese King
Turlough O'Carolan
composerharpist
Irish harpist and composer
Carl Andreas Duker
classical scholarhistorian
German classical scholar and jurist (1670–1752)
Arnoud van Halen
art collectorart historian
Painter from the Northern Netherlands (1673-1732)
Hallgrímur Pétursson
Christian ministerpoet
Icelandic writer and minister
William Lamport
journalistwriter
Irish adventurer
Frang Bardhi
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Roman Catholic bishop
Petar Bogdan
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Roman Catholic bishop
Zanabazar
sculptorwriter
Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader
Richard Steele
journalistplaywright
17th/18th-century Anglo-Irish writer, playwright, and politician
Laurens Bake
juristpoet
Dutch writer
Vemana
philosopherpoet
Telugu poet (1652-1730)
Adriaan Heereboord
philosopheruniversity teacher
Dutch philosopher (1614-1661)
Petter Dass
Lutheran pastorpoet
Norwegian priest and poet
Hans Povelsson Paus
Lutheran pastorpoet
Priest
Thomas Southerne
playwrightwriter
Irish dramatist (1660–1746)
José de Oviedo y Baños
historianmilitary personnel
Venezuelan historian
Alexander, son of Archil of Imereti
military personnelroyalty
Georgian prince of the Kingdom of Imereti
Al Walid ben Zidan
politiciansultan
Sultan of Morocco
Muhammad bin Saud
politician
Founder of the Emirate of Diriyah and the Al Saud dynasty (1687–1765)
16th Century
113Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Meera
mysticpoet
16th-century Hindu mystic poet, saint and devotee of the god Krishna
Ahmad al-Mansur
military leadermonarch
Moroccan Sultan of the Saadi dynasty (1549-1603) (r.1578-1603)
Jean Bodin
demonologisteconomist
French jurist, witchcraft theorist and political philosopher (1529 or 1530–1596)
Adam Loftus
Anglican priestjudge
British archbishop (1533-1605)
Barnabé Brisson
diplomatjurist-consultant
French jurist, politician and humanist (1531-1591)
António de Gouveia
grammarianjurist
Portuguese educator and writer
Manco Inca
monarchSapa Inca
17th Inca Emperor under the crown of Spain and 1st Emperor Inca of the Kingdom of Vilcabamba
Jacques Cujas
jurist-consultantlegal historian
French jurist (1522–1590)
Simon I of Kartli
monarchroyalty
Georgian king of Kartli from 1556 to 1569 and again from 1578 to 1599
Luarsab II of Kartli
monarchroyalty
Bagrationi dynasty king of Kartli (1592-1622) (r.1606-1615)
Alexander II of Kakheti
monarchroyalty
King of Kakheti from 1574 to 1605
Antoine de Loménie
ambassadordiplomat
French diplomat
Rostom of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Imereti
George II of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Imereti in western Georgia
Charles Loyseau
juristjurist-consultant
French lawyer
George III of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Imereti
Juan Valverde de Amusco
anatomistbiologist
Spanish anatomist
Girolamo Cattaneo
architectengineer
Italian architect and mathematician
Pierre Jean Fabre
alchemistphysician
French doctor and alchemist.
Gérard Thibault d'Anvers
fencerfencing master
Fencing master and writer from the Netherlands (1574-1629), owner/creator of the album amicorum of Gerard Thibault
Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont
astronomerengineer
Spanish inventor (1553-1613)
Guðbrandur Þorláksson
Bible translatorLutheran pastor
Icelandic bishop
Richard White
mathematicianphysicist
English mathematician
Jacobus Sinapius
chemistpharmacist
Czech doctor
Lorentz Lossius
accountantengineer
German engineer
Julius Schiller
astronomerjurist
German astronomer (1580–1627)
Denis Henrion
editormathematician
French mathematician
Arnold Möller
calligraphermaster of calculations
German calligrapher
Charles Malapert
astronomermathematician
1581-1630 astronomer and writer
Giovanni Battista Baliani
astronomermathematician
Italian mathematician and physicist
Giovanni Camillo Glorioso
astronomermathematician
Italian mathematician and astronomer
Richard Weston
civil engineerengineer
British canal builder and agricultural improver
William Davidson
botanistchemist
Scottish physician, chemist and biologist (1593-1669)
Francesco Fontana
astronomerlawyer
Italian lawyer and astronomer
John Harris
professorreligious figure
English academic, clergyman and Warden of Winchester College
Wenceslas Pantaleon Kirwitzer
astronomerCatholic priest
Czech astronomist
Giulio Cesare Vanini
astrologernaturalist
Italian philosopher
Pierre Carcavy
lawyerlibrarian
French mathematician and librarian
Jakob Bartsch
astronomermathematician
German astronomer (1600-1633)
Johann Schröder
chemistpharmacist
German chemist (1600-1664)
Juan de Icíar
calligraphermathematician
Spanish 16th century calligraphist
Johann Wilhelm Dilich
editorengineer
Engineer and master builder in Frankfurt am Main
Edmund Wingate
juristlegal author
English mathematician
Bernard Gilles Penot
alchemisteditor
French alchemist
Judah Loew ben Bezalel
mathematicianphilosopher
Czech rabbi
Pietro di Giacomo Cataneo
architectengineer
Architect known for writing architectural theory books (1510–1569)
Wilhelm Dilich
chroniclercopper engraver
German author
Hans Georg Herwart von Hohenburg
astronomermathematician
German astronomer
Erasmus Oswald Schreckenfuchs
astronomeruniversity teacher
Austrian scholar
Johannes Jacob Wecker
chemistphysician
Swiss physician
Caspar Vopel
astronomercartographer
German mathematician, astronomer, instrument maker and cartographer
Francisco Hernández de Toledo
botanistnaturalist
Spanish naturalists and physician (1515-1587)
Jean Fernel
anatomistastronomer
French physician (*1497 – †1558)
Aloysius Lilius
astronomermathematician
Italian astronomer
Bernard Palissy
ceramicistchemist
French potter and engineer
Augustin Hirschvogel
cartographerdraftsperson
16th century German artist, mathematician, and cartographer (1503-1553)
Camillo Agrippa
architectengineer
Italian engineer
Hippolito Salviani
naturalistphysician
Italian scholar
Olympia Fulvia Morata
classical scholarpoet
Italian classical scholar
François Viète
cryptographerlawyer
French mathematician (*1540 – †1603)
Juan de Herrera
architectmathematician
Spanish architect (1530-1597)
Giuseppe Meda
architectengineer
Italian painter (1534-1599)
Johannes Praetorius
astronomermathematician
German astronomer and mathematician (1537-1616)
Pedro Chacón
classical scholarhistorian
Spanish mathematician and theologian
Vincenzo Danti
architectengineer
Italian sculptor (1530-1576)
Ostilio Ricci
architectmathematician
Italian mathematician
Ferrante Imperato
naturalistpharmacist
Italian humanist
Agostino Ramelli
engineerinventor
Italian engineer
Fabrizio Mordente
inventormathematician
Italian mathematician and philosopher
Heinrich Decimator
astronomerauthor
German astronomer
Juan de Alcega
mathematiciantailor
Spanish 16th century mathematician
Joseph Duchesne
chemistdiplomat
French physician
Domenico Fontana
architectengineer
Italian architect (1543-1607)
Robert Hues
geographermathematician
English mathematician and geographer
Gabriele Falloppio
anatomistbiologist
Italian anatomist (1523-1562)
Rodrigo Zamorano
cartographerhistorian of mathematics
Cartographer
Magnus Pegel
mathematicianphysician
German mathematician
Francisco Sanches
mathematicianphilosopher
Portuguese philosopher
David Gans
astrologerastronomer
German scientist
Marco Bragadino
alchemistsubdeacon
Italian alchemist
Giovan Battista Aleotti
architectengineer
Architect (1546–1636)
Claude Chastillon
architectcivil engineer
French civil engineer, topographical draughtsman, and architect (1559–1616)
Jerònimo Cortés
astronomermathematician
Spanish scientist
Jean Errard
engineermathematician
French mathematician (1554–1610)
Johannes Magirus
historianmathematician
German philosopher
Cesare Ripa
academicart historian
Italian art historian
Cristobal Lechuga
mathematicianmilitary personnel
Bernardo Vargas Machuca
military personnelnaturalist
Spanish soldier and writer
Pierre Belon
botanistdiplomat
French traveler, naturalist, writer and diplomat (1517-1564)
Hugh Myddelton
bankercivil engineer
Welsh businessman, civil engineer and politician
Michael Maier
alchemistcomposer
German physician, alchemist and composer (1568–1622)
John Woodall
chemistsurgeon
English surgeon
Julio Cesar Firrufino
engineermathematician
Spanish mathematician and engineer (1578-1651)
Andrea Argoli
astrologerastronomer
Italian mathematician and astronomer
Katerina Vitale
chemistpharmacist
First female pharmacist and chemist in Malta
Benedetto Castelli
astronomermathematician
Italian mathematician (*1577/78 – †1643)
Oswald Croll
chemistpharmacist
German alchemist
Fabio Colonna
botanistnaturalist
Italian scientist (1567-1640)
Mạc Mậu Hợp
monarch
Emperor of Annam
Mạc Tuyên Tông
monarch
Fourth Emperor of the Mạc dynasty
Pedro de Oña
poetwriter
Chilean writer
Anne Vavasour
poetwriter
Mistress to English Earl
Pjetër Budi
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Roman Catholic bishop
Arngrímur Jónsson
regional historiantranslator
Icelandic writer
Henry Spelman
heraldisthistorian
English antiquarian and politician (1564-1641)
Samuel Daniel
historianplaywright
Poet and historian
Martynas Mažvydas
theologiantranslator
Lithuanian writer
Esschius
academictheologian
Dutch theologian
Jens Nilssøn
Lutheran pastorpoet
Norwegian bishop
Thomas Kyd
literary translatorplaywright
English dramatist
Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil
Catholic priestpoet
Irish Franciscan Archbishop of Armagh (1571–1626)
Choghtu Khong Tayiji
military leaderpoet
Mongolian noble
Juana de Maldonado
musicianpoet
Nun, writer
15th Century
211Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
John Filipec
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Oradea, and Administrator of Olomouc
Raffaele Zovenzoni
chancellorRenaissance humanist
Italian humanist
Alexander II of Imereti
monarchroyalty
King of Georgia (r. 1478) and King of Imereti (r. 1483–1510)
Ibrahim Khan Lodi
politicianSultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi)
Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate from 1517 to 1526
Michel Riccio
historianjurist-consultant
Italian-born French public official
Sayyida al-Hurra
politicianprivateer
16th-century Moroccan ruler of Tétouan and privateer
John III of Navarre
kingruler
King of Navarre
Scipione Capece
humanistjurist-consultant
Italian jurist and poet (1480-1551)
Bagrat VI of Georgia
monarchroyalty
King of Georgia and of Imereti
Johann Georg Faust
astrologerastronomer
German Renaissance alchemist, astrologer, and magician
Valentin Bouché
engineerglass artist
Glass artisian (c.1490-1541)
Salaì
inventorpainter
Italian artist (1480-1524)
Nagano Narimasa
military commandermilitary engineer
Japanese samurai and engineer
Ulrich Rülein von Calw
astrologerengineer
German doctor, mathematician, and mining engineer
Domingo de Soto
Catholic priestjurist
Spanish theologian, jurist and scientist
Giuliano da Sangallo
architectmilitary engineer
Italian artist (1445-1516)
Pellegrino Prisciani
architectural theoreticianastrologer
Italian astrologer
Matthias Grünewald
architectarchitectural draftsperson
German Renaissance painter (c.1480–1528)
Johannes Engel
astrologerastronomer
German astronomer and physician
Donato Bramante
architectcourt architect
Italian architect and painter (1444–1514)
Otto Brunfels
biologistbotanist
German botanist and theologian (1488-1534)
Giorgio Lapazaya
Catholic priestmathematician
Italian mathematician
Johannes Stabius
astronomercartographer
Austrian cartographer
Piero della Francesca
art theoristmathematician
Italian painter and mathematician (c. 1416–1492)
Pilgram Marpeck
hydraulic engineermining engineer
German Anabaptist leader
Juan de Ortega
friarmathematician
Spanish mathematician
Diego de Ordaz
explorerinventor
Spanish explorer
Tommaso Masini
alchemistmetallurgist
Italian metallurgist and alchemist
John of Głogów
astronomergeographer
Polish philosopher
Amirdovlat of Amasia
bibliographerlexicographer
15th-century ethnic Armenian physician and writer.
Domenico da Cortona
architectengineer
Architect
Pedro Ciruelo
mathematicianphilosopher
Spanish translator, philosopher and mathematician (1470-1548)
Gaspar Lax
mathematicianphilosopher
Spanish mathematician, logician, and philosopher
Juan Martínez Silíceo
Catholic priestmathematician
Spanish cardinal
Giovanni Antonio Amadeo
architectengineer
Italian artist (1447-1522)
Heinrich Glarean
geographerhistorian
Polymath and humanist
Jean Cousin
architectdraftsperson
French painter, sculptor and engraver (ca. 1490-ca. 1560)
Jakob Köbel
exlibristmathematician
German publisher (1462-1533)
Queen consort of Naples and suo jure Princess of Taranto
Binnya Kyan
monarch
13th king of Hanthawaddy Pegu
Mạc Thái Tổ
monarch
Emperor of Vietnam and the founder of the Mạc dynasty
John VIII
monarch
Count of Vendôme
Catherine of Bjurum
queen consort
Queen consort of Sweden from 1448 to 1450 and later the Queen consort of Norway from 1449 to 1450. She was the second wife of Charles VIII of Sweden, I of Norway.
French princess, duchess, countess
Bolesław V of Warsaw
monarch
Polish noble
Francis
monarch
Count of Vendôme
Mingyinyo
monarch
Ruler of Toungoo
Lê Tương Dực
monarch
King of Vietnam
Baeda Maryam I
monarch
Ethiopian Emperor
Bentor
monarch
King of taoro
Wattasid ruler from 1504 to 1526
Giles of Viterbo
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Italian Augustinian friar, bishop and cardinal (1469-1532)
Johannes Virdung
astrologerauthor
German astrologer
Drukpa Kunle
Buddhist monkwriter
Buddhist master
Giovanni Luca Barberi
historianlawyer
Italian historian and lawyer
Albert Krantz
historianjudge
German historian
Matteo Maria Boiardo
poetwriter
Italian writer
Konrad Grünenberg
heraldistpolitician
German heraldist and pilgrim to Jerusalem
Markos Bathas
engraverillustrator
Greek painter (1498–1578)
Gjon Buzuku
linguisttranslator
Albanian translator
Catherine de Pallanza
nunphilosopher
Italian philosopher (1437-1478)
Jean Molinet
chroniclercomposer
Medieval French writer
Caspar Hedio
historiantheologian
German academic
Francesco Torniello
typesettertypographer
Italian typographer, writer and Franciscan (1490-1589)
Thomas Elyot
diplomatlexicographer
English politician and writer (1490-1546)
Simon Grynaeus
authortheologian
German theologian (1493–1541)
Julius Pomponius Laetus
philosopherwriter
Italian Renaissance humanist
Teofilo Folengo
poetwriter
Italian poet and writer
Bartolomeo Platina
biographergastronomist
Italian humanist writer and gastronomist (1421–1481)
Olivier de la Marche
poetwriter
French writer
Basinio Basini
poetwriter
Italian humanist and writer
Pedro Mexía
chroniclerhistorian
Spanish Renaissance writer
Argula von Grumbach
lady-in-waitingpoet
Bavarian noblewoman and first Protestant woman writer
Bartolomé Torres Naharro
poetwriter
Spanish writer
Diebold Schilling the Younger
historianwriter
Swiss chronicler
Martino da Como
cookwriter
Italian culinary expert
Christoph Schappeler
hymnwritertheologian
German preacher
Arakida Moritake
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Tommaso Inghirami
deaconhumanist
Italian cardinal
Purandara Dasa
composerphilosopher
Indian musician
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
conquistadorexplorer
Spanish explorer of the New World
Wessel Gansfort
physiciantheologian
Dutch theologian (1419-1489)
Bernardino Ochino
theologianwriter
Italian theologian
John Rous
antiquarianhistorian
English historian and antiquarian (1411-1491)
Gomes Eanes de Zurara
chroniclerhistorian
Portuguese chronicler
Christoph Frankopan
military leaderwriter
Croatian count
Jason Pratensis
personal physicianphysician
Nikolaus Gerbel
humanistjurist
German writer
Jan Hasištejnský of Lobkowicz
diplomattraveler
Czech traveller, humanist, politician, writer and nobleman
Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda
historianphilosopher
Spanish philosopher and theologian (1490-1573)
Abdollah Morvarid
calligrapherpoet
Iranian poet
Johannes Aesticampianus
botanisthumanist
German theologian (1457-1520)
Hans Folz
composerwriter
German artist, singer, and poet. He was also a noted dramtist, who began his career as a barber
Johannes ab Indagine
monkscribe
Carthusian monk, 1415-1475
Bartolomeo Scala
historianpolitician
Italian politician and historian (1430-1497)
Masuccio Salernitano
poetwriter
Italian writer
Johannes Nauclerus
historianjurist
German historian
Sōgi
poetwriter
Japanese poet (1421–1502)
Gilles Joye
composerpoet
Musician
Gorampa
commentatormonk
Philosopher
Enyego d'Àvalos
diplomatmilitary commander
Spanish nobleman 1414-1484
Dimitrios Chalkokondyles
university teacherwriter
Greek academic
Diego de Valera
historianpoet
Spanish historian
Werner Rolevinck
historianwriter
Monk and historian (1425–1502)
Shams al-Din al-Sakhawi
historianmuhaddith
15th-century Egyptian scholar
Angelo Decembrio
historianpolitician
Italian translator, politician and author
Agostino Dati
historianlinguist
Orator, historian and philosopher
Zakariyya al-Ansari
historianIslamic jurist
Islamic scholar
Donato Acciaioli
classical scholarhistorian
Italian scholar (1429-1478)
Tito Vespasiano Strozzi
poetwriter
Italian poet
Alexander Hegius von Heek
Catholic priestwriter
German Renaissance humanist
Atukuri Molla
poetwriter
Teluga poet in the 15th century
Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Catholic cardinal (1436-1517)
Blind Harry
historianpoet
Scottish author of the poem The Wallace
Johannes Lazo
humanistpoet
Hungarian poet (1448-1523)
Sankardev
poetsongwriter
Founder of Baishnav dharma, literary poet
Ahmad ibn Mājid
cartographergeographer
Arab navigator and cartographer
Juan López de Palacios Rubios
juristuniversity teacher
Spanish jurist
Ōta Dōkan
Buddhist monksamurai
Japanese poet and samurai
Diebold Schilling the Elder
historianwriter
Swiss chronicler
Lucio Marineo Sículo
chroniclerhistorian
Spanish historian
Giuliano Dati
Catholic bishoppoet
Poet from Italy
Giacomo Filippo Foresti
chroniclertheologian
Italian historian (1434–1520)
Peter Nigri
philosopheruniversity teacher
Theologian
Kabir
philosopherpoet
15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint
Bernhard von Breydenbach
explorerwriter
German author (1440–1497)
Johannes Pfefferkorn
theologianwriter
German theologian
Sōami
architectpainter
Japanese artist (1455-1525)
Sebastian Brant
lyricistphilosopher
German humanist and satirist
Gregor Reisch
theologianuniversity teacher
German Carthusian monk and humanist scholar (c.1467–1525)
Antonia Tanini Pulci
playwrightpoet
Italian playwright (1452-1501)
Bohuslav Hasištejnský z Lobkovic
aristocratpoet
Czech poet, traveller, humanist and satiricist
John Major
historianphilosopher
Scottish philosopher
Pothana
poetwriter
Indian Telugu poet
Giovanni Cataldo Parisio
poetpolitician
Italian writer and politician
Makhdoom Bilawal
philosopherwriter
Indian writer
Luke of Prague
theologianwriter
Czech religion writer and theologist
Viktorin Kornel ze Všehrd
juristlawyer
Czech lawyer and writer
Šimun Kožičić Benja
Catholic bishoppriest
Roman Catholic bishop, writer and translator from Zadar
Agostino Nifo
philosopheruniversity teacher
Italian philosopher
Heinrich Bebel
poetuniversity teacher
German writer (1472-1518)
Surdas
poetwriter
Indian writer
Hernán Núñez
Bible translatorwriter
Spanish writer
Ludovico di Varthema
explorertraveler
Italian explorer
Giovanni Crisostomo Javelli
philosophertheologian
Italian philosopher and theologian
Mario Equicola
bibliophilewriter
Italian humanist
Balarama Dasa
poetwriter
15th-century Odia seer-poet, author of Dandi Ramayana & Lakhmi Purana
Pietro Colonna Galatino
orientalistphilosopher
Italian theologian
Pier Paolo Parisio
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Catholic cardinal
Habibi
poetwriter
Azerbaijani poet
Bernardino Scardeone
historianRenaissance humanist
Italian priest and historian (died 1574)
André Tiraqueau
juristmagistrate
French humanist
Hanibal Lucić
playwrightpoet
Croatian Renaissance poet and playwright
Toribio de Benavente
ethnographerhistorian
Spanish Friar Minor, Catholic missionar in Mexico, Novohispanic mesoamericanist
Thomas of Villanova
Catholic priestfriar
Spanish Augustinian saint and archbishop
Catherine d'Amboise
poetwriter
French poet and writer
Kaspar Ursinus Velius
historianpoet
German humanist
Antonio Guevara Noroña
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Spanish roman-catholic bishop
Matteo Bandello
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Italian writer
Jón Arason
Bible translatorCatholic bishop
Roman Catholic bishop
Niklaus Manuel
draftspersonpainter
Swiss artist (1484-1530)
Jan Dubravius
bishopCatholic bishop
Czech writer, poet, humanist chronicler and bishop of Olomouc
Francesco Xanto Avelli
ceramicistcourt artist
Italian ceramicist
Gian Giacomo Adria
historianphysician
Italian physician and renaissance humanist
Alfonso de Valdés
philosopherpolitician
Spanish humanist (1490-1532)
Sebestyén Tinódi Lantos
composerpoet
Hungarian poet
Bernal Díaz del Castillo
chroniclerexplorer
Spanish conquistador
Eguinaire Baron
juristlegal counselor
French jurist
Petrus Dasypodius
lexicographerlinguist
Swiss humanist
Jagannatha Dasa
philosopherpoet
Odia poet and litterateur
Marcantonio Flaminio
poetwriter
Italian humanist
Sigismund Gelenius
classical scholarlinguist
Bohemian humanist and scholar (1497–1554)
Pierfrancesco Giambullari
historianpriest
Italian writer
Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan
philologistpoet
Malayalam devotional poet
Alardus of Amsterdam
humanistphilosopher
Dutch humanist (1491-1544)
Simone Porzio
philosopherphysician
Italian philosopher
Vittoria Colonna
poetwriter
Italian poet and noble
Andrés Laguna
botanistlinguist
Spanish botanist (1499-1559)
Robert III de La Marck
historianmilitary personnel
Marshal of France
Mellin de Saint-Gelais
astrologerCatholic priest
French poet
Guillaume du Bellay
diplomathistorian
French captain
Claudio Tolomei
authorCatholic bishop
Italian philologist
Leo Africanus
diplomatexplorer
Andalusian author
Nilus of Sora
monkphilosopher
Russian theologian and saint
Mahmud Gawan
poetpolitician
Iranian poet
Rupa Goswami
philosopherpoet
Indian guru, poet and philosopher of the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition (1489-1564)
Mariangelo Accursio
archaeologisthumanist
Italian writer and critic (1489-1546)
Melchior Cibinensis
chemistwriter
Hungarian writer
Camillo Leonardi
astrologerastronomer
Italian astronomer and astrologer
Alexander I of Kakheti
monarchroyalty
King of Kakheti in eastern Georgia 1476–1511
Constantine II of Georgia
monarchroyalty
King of Georgia
Bagrat I of Mukhrani
military personnelmonarch
Third son of King Constantine II of Georgia, founder of the House of Mukhrani, and author of a Christian apology critical of Islam
George IX of Kartli
kingroyalty
King of Kartli
Blasco de Garay
inventormilitary personnel
Spanish scientist
Juanelo Turriano
architectengineer
Italian clockmaker
Jyeṣṭhadeva
astronomermathematician
Indian scientist
Henry, Duke of Mecklenburg-Stargard
monarchruler
Duke of Mecklenburg-Stargard
Veit Stoss
copper engravergraphic artist
German sculptor (1447–1533)
Bartolommeo Berrecci
architectsculptor
Italian architect (1480–1537)
Antonio Federighi
architectsculptor
Italian architect (1420-1483)
Andrea Bregno
architectsculptor
Italian artist (1418-1503)
Mạc Thái Tông
monarch
Second Emperor of the Mạc dynasty
Fra Carnevale
architectartist
Italian painter (1420-1484)
Benedetto da Maiano
architectsculptor
Italian artist and achitect (1442–1497)
Antonio Rossellino
architectsculptor
Italian artist (1427-1479)
Jan Swart van Groningen
draftspersonpainter
Dutch painter (1490–1553)
Agostino di Duccio
architectsculptor
Italian artist (1418–1481)
Giuliano da Maiano
architectsculptor
Italian artist (1432–1490)
Lương Thế Vinh
mathematician
Vietnamese scholar and mathematician
Hernán Cortés
conquistadorexplorer
Spanish conquistador
Ignatius of Loyola
Catholic theologianfounder of Catholic religious community
Spanish Catholic priest and theologian (1491–1556)
14th Century
41Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Eric of Pomerania
monarch
King who ruled the Kalmar Union from 1396 to 1439, uniting Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under a single crown. He was deposed after conflicts with the nobility and spent his final years as a pirate in the Baltic Sea.
Zeami Motokiyo
actoraesthetician
Japanese aesthetician and playwright
Marko Mrnjavčević
military personnelmonarch
Serbian medieval ruler and fictional character
Christian of Prachatice
astrologerastronomer
Czech astrologist, astronomist, botanist, doctor, mathematician and theologist
Ibn al-Shatir
astrologerastronomer
Arab astronomer and clockmaker (1304–1375)
tangtong gyalpo
engineerphysician
Tibetan lama
Nicolas Flamel
alchemistamanuensis
French scrivener
Filippo Brunelleschi
architectcivil engineer
Italian architect, sculptor and engineer
Jadwiga I of Poland
queen regnant
Queen of Poland (1384–1399)
Olaf II of Denmark
monarch
King of Denmark and Norway
Anna von Schweidnitz
empress consort
Queen of Bohemia
Duke of Pomerania-Stolp
Temür Qutlugh
monarch
Khan of the Golden Horde
Marie of Luxembourg
queen
Queen of France
Sigismund Kęstutaitis
monarch
Lithuanian noble (1365–1440)
Jean Froissart
canonchronicler
French writer
Stanislav of Lesnovo
hagiographerwriter
Serbian writer
Ibn Abd al-Hadi
grammarianwriter
Hanbali Islamic Muhaddith scholar from the 14 CE Levant, student of Ibn Taymiyyah, Al-Mizzi, Al-Dhahabi and Ibn al-Qayyim
Bridget of Sweden
memoiristmystic
Swedish nun, mystic, and saint (c.1303–1373)
Ibn 'Ata Allah
academicIslamic jurist
3rd sheikh of the Shadhili Sufi
Orcagna
architectpainter
Italian painter
Jacopo Passavanti
architectwriter
Italian writer and architect
William Langland
poetwriter
English writer
Ibn al-Wazir
Islamic juristMujaddid
9th-century Islamic scholar
Catherine of Vadstena
nunphilosopher
Swedish noblewoman (c.1332–1381)
Sigismund Albicus
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Czech doctor
Srinatha
poetwriter
Telugu poet
Palla Strozzi
bankerlinguist
Italian banker and politician (1372–1462)
Vittorino da Feltre
educatorhumanist
Italian Renaissance-Humanist and teacher
Ibn Kathir
exegetehistorian
Syrian Islamic historian, exegete and scholar (c.1300–1373)
Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného
philosophertranslator
Czech philosopher, religion writer, translator, writer and theologist
Jacques de Guyse
chroniclerhistorian
Franciscan friar
Niccolò de' Niccoli
librarianphilologist
Italian humanist (1364-1437)
Hafiz-i Abru
geographerhistorian
Persian historian at the court of Timurid rulers of Central Asia
Nasimi
poetShaykh
Azerbaijani poet, c. 1369–1419
Jan of Holešov
Catholic priestethnographer
Thomas of Metsoph
cultural activisthistorian
Armenian cleric and chronicler
Manavala Mamunigal
authorphilosopher
Indian Hindu leader
Guarino da Verona
humanistphilosopher
Italian humanist
Guy I of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny
feudatorymonarch
Count of St. Pol and Ligny
Master of Heiligenkreuz Abbey
illuminatorminiaturist
Austrian artist
13th Century
145Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Mindaugas
monarch
King of Lithuania
Arghun
sovereign
The fourth Ilkhan of Mongol Ilkhanate (1284–1291)
Alauddin Khalji
politiciansultan
13th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 2nd from the Khalji dynasty (1266-1316)
Ladislaus III of Hungary
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary (1199–1205)
Bolesław I of Masovia
feudatorymonarch
Polish noble
Shvarn
monarchroyalty
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Birger Jarl
military personnelmonarch
Jarl and ruler of Sweden (c.1210–1266)
Cino da Pistoia
jurist-consultantpoet
Italian Renaissance jurist and poet (1270–1336)
Campanus of Novara
astrologerastronomer
Italian mathematician and astronomer (*~1210 – †1296)
Guido Bonatti
astrologerastronomer
Italian astrologer and astronomer
Zakariya al-Qazwini
geographerhistorian
Persian scientist (1203–1283)
Guillaume de Bray
Catholic priestmathematician
French mathematician and cardinal
Salvino D'Armate
inventorphysicist
Person who was said to have invented eyeglasses
Khwaju Kermani
mathematicianphysician
Persian poet
Al-Ashraf Umar II
astrolabe makerastronomer
Third Rasulid sultan (1242–1296)
Theodoric of Freiberg
mysticnaturalist
German physicist
Hovhannes Erznkatsi
art historianexegete
Armenian writer
Cecco d'Ascoli
astrologerastronomer
Italian physician and poet
Queen consort of Sicily
Roman Danylovich
monarch
Prince of Black Ruthenia
Michael II Asen
monarch
Bulgarian ruler
Kunigunda of Halych
queen regnant
Queen consort of Bohemia
María de Molinillo
queen consort
Queen consort of Castile and León
Clemence of Austria
queen regnant
Titular Queen of Hungary
Treniota
monarch
Grand Duke of Lithuania (1210–1264)
King of Majorca
Marie of Lusignan, Queen of Aragon
queen regnant
Queen of Aragon
Charles I of Hungary
monarch
King of Hungary
Ubaldo of Gallura
monarch
Sardinian giudici
King of Sweden from 1275 to 1290
Robert II of Burgundy
monarch
Duke of Burgundy
Rhys ap Maredudd
monarch
Member of the Welsh royal house of Deheubarth
Adolf, King of the Romans
King of the Romans
King of Germany (1292-1298), count of Nassau (1276-1298)
Rudrama Devi
monarch
13th-century Indian queen
Stefan Dragutin
monarch
King of Serbia from 1276 to 1282 and King of Syrmia from 1282 to 1316
Adelasia of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Yagbe'u Seyon
monarch
Emperor of Ethiopia
Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah
monarch
1st Bahmani Sultan
Kyawswa I of Pinya
monarch
King of Pinya
Saionji Kishi
empress consort
Empress consort of Japan
Yekuno Amlak
monarch
Emperor of Ethiopia from 1270 to 1285; the founder of Solomonic dynasty
Adityawarman
monarch
King of Malayapura (present-day West Sumatra), ruling circa 1347–1375 CE
Simon of Kéza
clerichistorian
Hungarian historian and writer
Palkuriki Somanatha
poetwriter
Telugu language writer
Thomas Aquinas
Catholic theologianfriar
Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church (1225–1274)
Bonaventure
lecturermystic
Franciscan, bishop, cardinal, Doctor of the Church, Catholic saint
Bertold of Regensburg
Catholic priestpreacher
German monk
Hamdallah Mustawfi
geographerhistorian
Iranian writer and scholar
Yishan Yining
Buddhist monkcalligrapher
Buddhist monk (1247–1317)
Menaḥem ben Shelomoh Meʾiri
authorrabbi
Catalan rabbi, Talmudist and Maimonidean
Matthew of Aquasparta
Catholic bishopphilosopher
Catholic cardinal
John XXII
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1316 to 1334
Mechtilde
mysticnun
Saxon Christian saint
Jean de Meun
novelistpoet
French author (1240–1305)
Herrand II of Wildon
poetwriter
Austrian nobleman and poet
Süßkind von Trimberg
poetwriter
German poet
Hugo von Trimberg
poetreligious writer
German poet and writer (c. 1230-1313)
Guittone d'Arezzo
poetwriter
Italian poet (1235-1294)
Pakpa Lodro Gyeltsen
compilernon-fiction writer
Tibetan Lama (1235-1280)
Rangjung Dorje, 3rd Karmapa Lama
compilerpoet
Third Karmapa, an important figure in the history of Tibetan Buddhism
John the Victorious
composerpoet
Duke of Brabant (1252-1294)
Walter of Winterburn
Catholic priestphilosopher
English cardinal and theologian
Mechthild of Magdeburg
mysticphilosopher
German mystic
Abutsu-ni
nunpoet
Japanese poet of the Kamakura period
Walther von Klingen
poetwriter
German poet and author
William II of Villehardouin
composerpoet
Prince of Achaea from 1246 to 1278
Innocent V
Catholic priestphilosopher
185th Pope of the Catholic Church
Go-Saga-in chūnagon no tenji
poetwriter
Japanese noblewoman and poet
Wincenty of Kielcza
composerpoet
Polish composer, poet and member of the Dominican Order (1201-1262)
Haji Bektash Veli
mysticphilosopher
Anatolian Muslim mystic (1209–1271)
Taddeo Alderotti
physicianuniversity teacher
Italian physician and translator (1215-1295)
Karma Pakshi
religious figuretraveler
Tibetan Buddhist religious figure (1204–1283)
Guido delle Colonne
judgepoet
Italian poet (1210–1287)
Giacomo da Lentini
poetwriter
Italian poet
Saadi
poetwriter
Persian poet
Ibn al-Nafis
Islamic juristphilosopher
Arab polymath and physician (1213–1288)
Diederik van Assenede
poettranslator
Medieval Flemish writer, poet and translator
Adenes Le Roi
composerminstrel
French poet
Takatsukasa Mototada
politicianwaka poet
Court noble of the Kamakura period (1247-1313)
Giles of Rome
Catholic priestphilosopher
Roman Catholic archbishop
Albrecht II.
composerwriter
Abt 1235 - 17 Apr 1298 near Schloss Leinstetten
Augustinus Triumphus
monktheologian
Italian Hermit
Amir Khusrau
musicianphilosopher
Indian poet, writer, singer and scholar (1253–1325)
Jacobus de Voragine
archbishopCatholic bishop
Italian Dominican friar, archbishop of Genoa and author
Ata-Malik Juvayni
historiankatib
Iranian historian
Ibn Daqiq al-Eid
Islamic juristpoet
Muslim scholar of medieval period
Jacopone da Todi
composerjurist
Italian Franciscan mystic
Guido Guinizelli
poetwriter
Italian poet
Pietro de' Crescenzi
agronomistbotanist
Bolognese jurist and writer on agriculture (1233–1320)
Agnes Blannbekin
beguineChristian mystic
Austrian Beguine and Christian mystic
Asher ben Jehiel
philosopherrabbi
Rabbi and Talmudist
Gerardo Sereni
philosophertheologian
Italian Carmelite theologian and philosopher (1255-1317)
Francesca da Rimini
poetwriter
Italian noble woman
Ubertino of Casale
friartheologian
Italian Franciscan leader
Musō Soseki
calligrapherphilosopher
Japanese Zen-Buddhist teacher and landscape architect (1275-1351)
Luca Mannelli
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Catholic bishop
Takatsukasa Fuyuhira
politicianwaka poet
Kugyo or highest-ranking Japanese court noble of the Kamakura period
Gottfried von Hagenau
canonphysician
Medieval priest, physician, theologian and poet from Alsace, France
Yoshida Kenkō
poetwriter
Japanese writer
Meister Eckhart
mysticphilosopher
German philosopher and theologian
Ugo Panziera
friarmissionary
Italian theologian, Franciscan, missionary and writer (1260-1330)
Johannes Hadlaub
composerpoet
German musician
Vital du Four
Catholic priestphilosopher
Catholic cardinal
Marsilius of Padua
philosopherpolitician
Italian philosopher (1275–1342)
Michael of Cesena
philosopherregular priest
Italian theologian
Dnyaneshwar
philosopherpoet
13th-century Hindu Marathi saint and philosopher
Galvano Fiamma
historianwriter
Italian chronicler
Francesco da Barberino
notarypoet
Italian poet
Bartholomew of San Concordio
aphoristwriter
Italian jurist
Wassaf
historianpoet
Iranian historian
Domenico Cavalca
friartheologian
Italian writer and translator
Kokan Shiren
calligrapherpoet
Japanese Buddhist
Madhavacharya
philosopherwriter
Hindu Jagadguru
Meister Rumelant
composerpoet
German poet and Minnesanger
Tannhäuser
composerMinnesänger
German poet, composer and writer
Bruder Wernher
poetwriter
Austrian author
Na Castelloza
composerpoet
Trobairitz, poet and writer
False Waldemar
authorimpostor
Imposter of the Margrave of Brandenburg
Der Marner
Minnesängermusician
German writer
Ton'a
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Wernher von Homberg
aristocratcomposer
Swiss Minnesinger
Martin of Opava
canon law juristCatholic bishop
Czech medieval chronicler
Kitabatake Chikafusa
historianmilitary personnel
Historian (1293-1354)
Clement VI
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church and the fourth Avignon Pope (1342–1352)
Guillaume de Machaut
composerpoet
Medieval French composer and poet (c. 1300–1377)
Yungton Dorje Pel
philosopherwriter
Tibetan religious figure
Giovanni de' Marignolli
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Czech medieval chronicler
Andrea da Grosseto
translatorwriter
Italian writer of the 13th century
Gregory of Rimini
philosophertheologian
Italian philosopher
Cielo d'Alcamo
playwrightpoet
Poet and playwright from Italy
Dolpopa Sherab Gyeltsen
commentatorphilosopher
Nepalese philosopher
Baybars al-Mansûrî
historianmilitary personnel
Egyptian mamluk and historian (died 1325)
Bonagiunta Orbicciani
poetwriter
Italian poet and author
Baraq
military leader
Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (r. 1266–1271)
Al-Ashraf
aristocratmonarch
Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt 1250-1255
Marianus II of Arborea
monarchvicar general
Italian noble
Maredudd ap Rhys Gryg
aristocratmonarch
Welsh prince, of Deheubarth
Hugh IV of Cyprus
monarchruler
King of Cyprus
Al-Muzaffar Yusuf I
governormonarch
Monarch
Arnolfo di Cambio
architectpainter
Italian architect and sculptor (1240–1302)
Andrea Pisano
architectsculptor
14th century Italian sculptor and architect (1290–1348)
Tarmashirin
monarch
Was the king of Chughtai Khanate
Baydu
ruler
The sixth Ilkhan of Mongol Ilkhanate (1295)
Baiju
military personnel
Mongol general
Doquz Khatun
royal
13th-century Keraite princess and consort to Ilkhanate Khan, Hulagu
12th Century
218Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Muhammad of Ghor
monarch
Ruler of Ghurid Sultanate from 1173 to 1206
Snorri Sturluson
diplomathistorian
Icelandic historian, poet and politician (AD 1179–1241)
Saxo Grammaticus
historianwriter
Medieval Danish historian and chronicler who wrote Gesta Danorum, a 16-volume work chronicling the history of Denmark from prehistoric times to the late 12th century. His work is the primary source for early Danish history and includes the first recorded version of the Hamlet legend.
Kayqubad baraa I
monarchsultan
Sultan of Rum
George IV of Georgia
kingroyalty
King of Georgia
Stephen II of Hungary
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary from 1116 to 1131
Géza II of Hungary
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary and Croatia (1130-1162)
Qutb-ud-din Aibak
politicianSultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi)
Founded of the Mamluk Dynasty (1150-1210)
Guðrøðr Óláfsson
monarchruler
King of Dublin and the Isles
Béla II of Hungary
monarchpolitician
Hungarian king (1108-1141)
Andrew II of Hungary
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary (1175-1235)
Louis VII of France
monarchsovereign
King of France from 1137 to 1180 (1120–1180)
Joscelin II
monarchpolitician
Count of Edessa (1113-1159)
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
astronomermathematician
12th-century Sunni Muslim theologian and philosopher
Johannes de Sacrobosco
astrologerastronomer
English astronomer and mathematician
Ibn Zafar
philosopherpolitical scientist
12th-century Arab-Sicilian philosopher and politician
Euphrosyne of Kyiv
queen regnant
Queen consort of Hungary
Gonario II of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
monarch
Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 to 1218
Magnus Henriksson
monarch
King of Sweden
Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd
monarch
Prince of Kingdom of Gwynedd
Judith of Thuringia
queen consort
Queen consort of Bohemia from 1158 to 1172
Sigurd II of Norway
monarch
King of Norway
Rhys ap Gruffydd
monarch
Ruler of the kingdom of Deheubarth
Bohemond III of Antioch
monarch
Prince of Antioch
Shunten
monarch
King of Okinawa
Helena, Queen of Hungary
queen regnant
Queen consort of Hungary
Eric IX of Sweden
monarch
12th-century Swedish King and Saint
Margaret of France
queen regnant
Eldest daughter of Louis VII of France by his second wife Constance of Castile; queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King, and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary
King of Thessalonica
Torchitorio III of Cagliari
monarch
Judge of Cagliari
Henry I the Bearded
monarch
High Duke of Poland
Mathieu II de Montmorency
monarch
Lord of Montmorency
Odo III, Duke of Burgundy
monarch
Duke of Burgundy
Constantine II of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Diarmait Mac Murchada
monarch
King of Leinster in Ireland
Duke and King of Bohemia (1110–1172)
King of Sri Lanka
Ottokar I of Bohemia
monarch
Duke and king of Bohemia
Fujiwara no Tamako
empress consort
Empress consort of Emperor Toba of Japan
Haakon II of Norway
monarch
King of Norway
King of Norway
Kumarapala
king
12th century Chaulukya king who ruled parts of present-day Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh in India
Comita II of Arborea
monarch
Italian noble
Barisone I of Gallura
monarch
Italian noble
Barisone II of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Lilavati of Polonnaruwa
monarch
Sri Lankan Queen
Fujiwara no Nariko
empress consort
Empress consort of Emperor Toba of Japan
Agnes of Antioch
queen consort
Queen consort of Hungary (1154–1184)
Sri Lankan King
Iorwerth Drwyndwn
monarch
King of Gwynedd
Gertrude of Sulzbach
queen
German Queen
Mstislav III of Kyiv
monarch
Russian prince
Jayavarman VII
monarch
Cambodian king, considered by historians to be the most powerful Khmer monarch of all time
Marianus II of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Barisone II of Arborea
monarch
Judge-King of Arborea
Agnes of Austria, Queen of Hungary
queen regnant
Hungarian queen consort; Duchess of Carinthia, died 1182
Sukaphaa
King of Ahom
Ahom king
Inge II of Norway
monarch
King of Norway
Canute II of Sweden
monarch
King of Sweden
Alice of Champagne
queen
Queen consort of Cyprus
Mychailo of Chernigiv
monarch
Grand Prince of Kyiv
Elena of Gallura
monarch
Sardinian queen
Guillaume de Lorris
poetwriter
French scholar and poet from Lorris (1200–1238)
Rudolf von Ems
knightpoet
Medieval epic poet (1200-1254)
Taira no Tsunemori
samuraiwaka poet
Samurai
Eysteinn Erlendsson
Catholic priestwriter
Archbishop of Nidaros (1120–1188)
Saigyō
Buddhist monkwaka poet
Japanese poet
Lucius III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1181 to 1185 (1110–1185)
Thomas of Celano
Catholic priestcomposer
Italian religious, poet and writer
Odo of Châteauroux
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Catholic cardinal
Jordan Fantosme
historianpoet
Anglo-Norman historian, chronicler and trouvère
Peirol
composerpoet
Troubadour
Elias Fonsalada
composerpoet
French troubadour
Ulrich von Zatzikhoven
Catholic priestpoet
German poet and writer
Ibn 'Adlan
cryptologistpoet
Iraqi poet
Sakya Pandita
compilereditor
Tibetan Lama (1182–1251)
Aimeric de Peguilhan
composerpoet
Occitan troubadour
Cercamon
composerpoet
Troubadour
Peter of Capua the Elder
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
13th century Italian theologian, scholastic philosopher, cardinal and papal legate
Wincenty Kadłubek
Catholic bishophistorian
Polish Roman Catholic monk, bishop and blessed (c. 1150 – 8 March 1223)
Amalric of Bena
philosophertheologian
French theologian
Kambar
poetwriter
Tamil poet
Fujiwara Nobuzane
painterwaka poet
Aristocrat poet and portrait artist (1176-1265)
Utsunomiya Yoritsuna
bushipoet
Samurai and poet of Japan
Minamoto no Michitomo
poetpolitician
Japanese poet and writer
Gaucelm Faidit
composerpoet
Limousin troubadour
Savari de Mauléon
composerpoet
French soldier and troubadour
Gui d'Ussel
composerpoet
Troubadour
Peire Vidal
composerpoet
Troubadour
Eudes de Sully
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Paris
Kujō Yoshitsune
calligrapherpoet
Japanese court noble from the late Heian period to the early Kamakura period
Guilhem de Cabestany
composerknight
Troubadour
Hartmann von Aue
composerMinnesänger
Leading poet of the Middle High German period
Sicard of Cremona
canon law juristCatholic priest
Italian historian
Folquet de Marseille
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Trobadour and anti-Cathar bishop of Toulouse
Kamo no Chōmei
essayistkannushi
Japanese poet
Shikishi-naishinnō
poetwriter
Japanese princess and poet, daughter of emperor Go-Shirakawa
Taira no Tadanori
samuraiwaka poet
General in the Genpei War
Nizami Ganjavi
philosopherpoet
Persian poet
Bertran de Born
aristocratcomposer
Occitan troubadour
Jaufré Rudel
composerpoet
Prince of Blaye and troubadour
Akka Mahadevi
philosopherpoet
Kannada poet
Martin of Leon
canonCatholic priest
Priest and canon regular of the Augustinian Order
Chrétien de Troyes
novelistpoet
12th century French poet and trouvère
Inpumon-in no Taifu
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Jakuren
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Hugh of Lincoln
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Lincoln; Saint
Guiraut de Bornelh
composerpoet
Troubadour (c. 1138 – 1215)
Neophytos of Cyprus
Eastern Orthodox priestmonk
Cypriot Orthodox monk and priest
Eugene III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1145 to 1153
Berenguer de Palou
composerpoet
Troubadour
Gottfried von Strassburg
composerMinnesänger
Medieval German poet
Eberhard of Béthune
grammarianlinguist
13th-century Flemish author
Clement III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1188 to 1191
Elizabeth of Schönau
abbesswriter
German Benedictine visionary
Fujiwara no Michinori
Buddhist monkwriter
Japanese aristocrat, Confucian scholar and Buddhist monk in late Heian period
Aimery of Limoges
patriarchpresbyter
French priest
Fujiwara no Toshinari
poetwriter
Poet and court noble
Azalaïs de Porcairagues
composerpoet
Trobairitz
Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo
politicianwriter
Tibetan Buddhist lama (1110-1170)
Kiyosuke Fujiwara
poetwriter
Japanese waka poet and poetry scholar
Héloïse d’Argenteuil
Christian nunphilosopher
12th-century French nun, philosopher and writer
Peter the Deacon
archivistlibrarian
12th century Italian monk, librarian and chronicler
Dietmar von Aist
composerMinnesänger
German minnesänger, poet and composer
Minamoto no Yorimasa
military personnelpoet
Japanese court noble, samurai and poet
Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti
botanistcartographer
Andalusian geographer (1100–1165)
Mkhitar Gosh
fabulistjurist
Armenian priest and public figure (1130–1213)
Celestine III
Catholic priestdiplomat
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1191 to 1198
Awn ad-Din ibn Hubayra
Islamic juristmuhaddith
12th-century Iraqi Arab official and Hanbali jurist
Marcabru
composerpoet
Gascon troubadour
Trota of Salerno
gynecologistmedical writer
Medical practitioner and writer
Zhang Yudrakpa Tsondru Drakpa
monkwriter
Founder of the Tshalpa Kagyu sect of Tibetan Buddhism
Yutok Yonten Gonpo
physicianTertön
Tibetan doctor
Lambert le Bègue
Catholic priestwriter
Priest, writer and translator from Liège
Nijō-in no Sanuki
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Walter Map
canonChristian minister
Welsh medieval writer
Jikten Gonpo Rinchen Pel
monkwriter
Founder of the Drikung Kagyu lineage
Almucs de Castelnau
composerpoet
Old Occitan troubadour
Arnaut Daniel
composerpoet
Occitan troubadour
Henry of Marcy
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Catholic cardinal
Drakpa Gyeltsen
Buddhist monkwriter
3rd of the 5 patriarchs of the Sakya tradition
Friedrich von Hausen
composerMinnesänger
German composer
Rigaut de Berbezilh
troubadourwriter
Troubadour
Najmuddin Kubra
muhaddithphilosopher
Iranian sufi poet and philosopher
Sonam Tsemo
Buddhist monkwriter
Tibetan spiritual leader
Joseph ben Judah ibn Aknin
philosopherpoet
Jewish writer
Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
Catholic priestdiplomat
Roman Catholic archbishop and traveller (1182–1252)
Baldwin of Forde
Catholic priestwriter
Abbot of Forde; Bishop of Worcester; Archbishop of Canterbury
Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon
physicianpoet
Spanish translator and rabbi
Maurice II de Craon
composerpoet
Lord of Craon, Anjou
Basava
philosopherpoet
12th-century Hindu philosopher, statesman, Kannada Bhakti poet of Lingayatism
Raimbaut d'Aurenga
composerpoet
Lord of Orange and Aumelas
Le Moine de Montaudon
composerpoet
Troubadour
Asukai Masatsune
poetwriter
Japanese poet and writer
Jean Bodel
troubadourwriter
Old French poet
Shunzei's Daughter
poetwriter
Poet
Isaac the Blind
rabbiwriter
French writer and rabbi (c. 1160–1235)
Veliyankode Umar Khasi
freedom fighterpoet
Indian mystic leader and scholar
Go-Toba In Kunai-kyō
poetwriter
Japanese lady poet
Ibn Jazla
physicianwriter
Iraqi physician
Elias of Cortona
religiouswriter
Italian franciscan and politician
Fujiwara no Ietaka
poetwriter
Poet
Fujiwara no Teika
calligrapherlinguist
Poet and court noble (1162–1241)
Blacatz
composerpoet
Troubadour and poet
Arnaut de Mareuil
composerpoet
Troubadour, poet, composer and writer
Otto von Botenlauben
composerMinnesänger
German composer
Jayadeva
poetwriter
Vaishnava Sanskrit poet
Baba Farid
poetwriter
12th-century Punjabi Sunni Muslim preacher and mystic
Rudolph II, Count of Neufchâtel
poetwriter
Swiss minstrel
Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
composerpoet
Occitan poet
Gregory IX
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241
Imam Ar-Rafi'i
biographerhistorian
Shafi'i Islamic scholar
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
philosopherpoet
Sufi saint, philosopher and poet
Garsende
composerpoet
Occitan poet and countess of Forcalquier
Meinloh von Sevelingen
Minnesängerpoet
German author
Guilhem Magret
composerpoet
French troubadour
Brother Leo
friarwriter
Disciple of Francis of Assisi
Fujiwara no Tameie
waka poetwriter
Poet and court noble
Ademar lo Negre
composerpoet
French troubadour
Guilhem de Montanhagol
composerpoet
Troubadour
Ermengol VII, Count of Urgell
aristocratwriter
Spanish noble
Heinrich von Morungen
composerMinnesänger
German minnesinger
Reinmar von Zweter
composerpoet
Poet of Spruchdichtung
Bernger von Horheim
composerMinnesänger
German minnesänger, author and composer
Saionji Saneuji
Daijō-daijinpoet
Japanese poet
Elias Cairel
composerpoet
Troubadour and poet
Albrecht von Johansdorf
composerpoet
German poet
Ulrich von Türheim
poetwriter
Writer (1190-1250)
Jordan of Saxony
Catholic priestfriar
German Catholic priest, Dominican friar and writer (1190–1237)
Albertet
composerpoet
Troubadour
Sordello de Mantoue
composerpoet
Italian troubadour, poet and composer
Reinmar of Hagenau
composerpoet
German poet
Bele Regis Notarius
historianwriter
Notary and chronicler of Hungarian King Béla III
Der von Kürenberg
composerMinnesänger
German poet
Gishūmon-in no Tango
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Guiraut de Calanson
composerpoet
Gascon troubadour
Otto of Freising
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Austrian medieval chronicler
Godfrey of St Victor
philosophertheologian
French theologian
John of Wallingford
historianmonk
Benedictine monk at the Abbey of St Albans, associate of Matthew Paris
Bligger von Steinach
composerMinnesänger
Medieval feudal lords of Germany
Ruzbihan Baqli
mysticphilosopher
Persian poet, mystic, and Sufi
Samuel Anetsi
chronographhistorian
Armenian historian and priest of the 12th century
Ulrich von Liechtenstein
composerpoet
Austrian poet and nobleman
Jon Kuvlung
anti-kingmonk
Pretender to the Norwegian throne
Stephen du Perche
archbishopchancellor
Roman Catholic archbishop; Chancellor of the Kingdom of Sicily
Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd
aristocratmonarch
Prince of Gwynedd
Owain Cyfeiliog
monarchpoet
Welsh prince
Walter of Saint Omer
monarchpolitician
The son of William II of Saint Omer and Melisinde of Picquigny, and Prince of Galilee and Tiberias
Tala'i ibn Ruzzik
ministerpoet
Vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate
Joscelin III
feudatorymonarch
Count of Edessa
Maredudd ap Gruffydd
aristocratmonarch
Welsh prince, of Deheubarth
Geoffrey II of Villehardouin
monarchruler
Prince of Achaea
Anarawd ap Gruffydd
aristocratmonarch
Prince of Deheubarth
Bakenkhonsu
Ancient Egyptian priestarchitect
Ancient Egyptian High Priest of Amun
Biduino
architectsculptor
Italian sculptor
Hoelun
consort
Mother of Genghis Khan
Jamukha
khan
Mongol Khan
11th Century
128Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
David IV of Georgia
poetpolitician
King of Georgia (1073-1125)
Harthacanute
monarch
Last Viking king of England who ruled both England and Denmark simultaneously from 1040-1042, uniting the two kingdoms under his crown.
Arwa al-Sulayhi
monarchpolitician
Yemeni queen and ruler (c. 1048–1138)
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
aristocratmonarch
Welsh Prince
Peter, King of Hungary
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary (r. 1038–1041, 1044–1046)
Joscelin I, Count of Edessa
feudatorymonarch
Count of Edessa (1072-1131)
Coloman
monarchpolitician
King of Hungary (1095-1116)
Hemachandra
historianmathematician
12th-century Jain scholar, poet, writer, mathematician and polymath
Ibn al-Yasamin
astrologerengineer
Moroccan mathematician
Abraham bar Hiyya
astrologerastronomer
Mathematician and astronomer
Abraham ibn Ezra
astrologerastronomer
12th-century Sephardic rabbi and astrologer
Adam of Balsham
Catholic priestmathematician
Anglo-Norman scholastic philosopher
Al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik
mathematicianphilosopher
11th-century Arab philosopher and scholar
King of England from 1087 to 1100
Roman Svyatoslavich
monarch
(1052-1079)
Blot-Sweyn
monarch
Politician
Judith of Schweinfurt
queen consort
Czech princess
Andrew Tanca of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa
monarch
Sri Lankan king of Polonnaruwaa from 1055 to 1110
Amadeus II, Count of Savoy
monarch
Count of Maurienne
Håkan the Red
monarch
11th-century King of Sweden
Yaropolk Izyaslavich
monarch
Prince of Turov and Volhynia (r. 1078–1086/1087)
Domnall Ua Lochlainn
monarch
Irish high King
Marianus I of Torres
monarch
Judge of Logudoro-Torres
Muirchertach Ua Briain
monarch
High King of Ireland
Torchitorio I of Cagliari
monarch
Italian noble
Bretislaus II
monarch
Duke of Bohemia from 1092 to 1100
Magnus the Good
monarch
King of Norway and Denmark
Echmarcach mac Ragnaill
monarch
King of Dublin and the Isles
Rostislav of Tmutarakan
monarch
Rus' prince
Count of Salm; German anti-king
Anastasia of Kyiv
queen consort
Queen of Hungary from 1046 to 1060
11th-12th century Chaulukya king of Gujarat
Vsevolod II of Kiev
monarch
Grand Prince of Kiev
King of Norway in 1103–1115
Inge the Younger
monarch
King of Sweden
Somerled
king
Twelfth-century King of the Isles, Lord of Argyll, and religious patron
Constantine Bodin
monarch
Medieval king of Duklja, and temporary of Bulgaria
Sverker I of Sweden
monarch
King of Sweden
Leo I, Prince of Armenia
monarch
Prince of Armenia
Álmos, Duke of Nitra
monarch
Duke of Hungary, Croatia and Nyitra (c.1070–1127)
Gleb Svyatoslavich
monarch
Prince of Tmutarakan and Prince of Novgorod
Magnus Barefoot
monarch
King of Norway
Conrad III of Germany
monarch
Hohenstaufen dynasty king (r. 1138–1152)
Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy
monarch
French noble
Igor II of Kiev
monarch
Grand prince of Kiev
Svatopluk, Duke of Bohemia
monarch
Duke of Bohemia
Gertrude of Poland
aristocratwriter
Polish princess and astrologer (1025–1108)
Rabbeinu Tam
poetrabbi
Renowned Ashkenazi Jewish rabbi, leading French Tosafist, leading halakhic authority
Petrus Comestor
historiantheologian
French theologian (1100–1179)
Gregory VIII
Catholic priestphilosopher
Pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1187
Innocent II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church (1130–1143)
Peter the Venerable
authortheologian
French abbot and saint
Hugh Primas
goliardpoet
Latin lyric poet
Minamoto no Shunrai
waka poetwriter
Japanese writer
Saint Malachy
authorCatholic bishop
Irish archbishop
Gerhoh of Reichersberg
provosttheologian
German theologian
Caffaro di Rustico da Caschifellone
chroniclercrusader
Italian crusader
Honorius Augustodunensis
geographermonk
German theologian
Guerric of Igny
religious figurewriter
Abbot
Judah Halevi
philosopherphysician
Spanish-Jewish philosopher, poet and physician (c.1075–1141)
Geoffrey of Vendôme
Catholic priesttheologian
French catholic cardinal
Ngok Loden Sherab
editortranslator
Tibetan Buddhist Lama and scholar
Gyōson
Buddhist monkwaka poet
Japanese Tendai monk and waka poet
Leo of Ostia
Catholic priesthistorian
Catholic cardinal
Bruno
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Abbot of Montecassino
Bruno of Cologne
anchoriteCatholic priest
Founder of the Carthusian Order (1030–1101)
Urban II
authorCatholic priest
11th century pope and initiator of the Crusades
William of Hirsau
monkmusicologist
German abbot and theologian
Gundulf
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Norman monk and Bishop of Rochester
Abu Al - Moin Al - Nasafi
historianulema
Central Asian Hanafi theologian (1027–1115)
Gregory VII
Catholic priestdiplomat
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1073 to 1085
Alfanus I
archbishoparchitect
Archbishop of Salerno
Gebhard of Salzburg
Catholic priestwriter
Catholic archbishop of Salzburg
Ahimaaz ben Paltiel
historianpoet
Italian poet
Ramanuja
philosopherpoet
12th-century Indian Hindu philosopher
Minamoto no Tsunenobu
poetwriter
Japanese poet and writer
Sugawara no Takasue no musume
diaristwaka poet
11th-century Japanese author
Lanfranc
archbishopCatholic priest
Prior of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury and Roman Catholic blessed
Peter Damian
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Eleventh-century Benedictine monk
Ibn Butlan
philosopherphysician
11th-century Arab Christian physician from Baghdad
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
historianmuhaddith
Muhaddith, historian and Hafiz
Bernard II, Count of Besalú
papal legatewriter
Catalan Crusader (11th century)
Sylvester of Kyiv
chroniclerwriter
Clergyman and writer
Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne
archbishopCatholic bishop
Archbishop of Cologne from 1056 to 1075
Suō no Naishi
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Fujiwara no Tadaie
calligrapherpoet
Japanese statesman, courtier, politician, poet and calligrapher
Langri Tangpa
poetwriter
Kadampa master
Abu al-Hariri
arabistpoet
Arab poet and scholar (1054–1122)
Constantine the African
monkphysician
11th-century monk and translator of medical works
Machig Labdrön
Buddhist nunteacher
Tibetan Buddhist teacher
Uicheon
aristocratBuddhist monk
Korean Buddhist monk and philosopher (1051–1101)
Theophylact of Ohrid
Eastern Orthodox priestwriter
Byzantine archbishop and saint
Arialdo
canonwriter
Italian saint
Alexander II
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Head of the Catholic Church from 1061 to 1073
Marpa Chokyi Lodro
editorphilosopher
Tibetan Buddhist teacher
Victor III
Catholic priestwriter
Head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1086 to 1087
Ernulf
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Rochester; Abbot of Peterborough
Otto of Bamberg
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
German Roman Catholic bishop and saint (c. 1060-1139)
Gilbert de La Porrée
Catholic priestphilosopher
French theologian (1070-1076, 1154)
Ekkehard of Aura
historianwriter
Crusader historian
Theobald of Étampes
philosophertheologian
French schoolmaster and theologian (12th century)
Hugh of Amiens
Catholic priestwriter
French archbishop
Barthélemy de Jur
Catholic priestwriter
Bishop of Laon
Eliezer ben Nathan
poetrabbi
Halakist and poet
Theodwin of Liège
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Liège
Guigues du Chastel
Catholic priestprior
Cartusian monk and prior of Grande Chartreuse
Fujiwara no Mototoshi
calligrapherpoet
Japanese poet and writer
Ioane Petritsi
philosophertheologian
Georgian philosopher
Arsen Iqaltoeli
calligrapherlinguist
Georgian saint
Gallus Anonymus
chroniclerhistorian
12th-century chronicler of Polish history
Ubald
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Italian bishop-saint
Anacletus II
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Antipope 1130 to 1138
Honorius II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope from 1124 to 1130
Dampa Sangye
scribetranslator
Buddhist yogi
Alexander III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1159 to 1181
Callixtus II
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Pope from 1119 to 1124
Raymond of Barbastro
Catholic priestLatin Catholic bishop
Roman-catholic bishop of Roda-Barbastro
Gelasius II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope from 1118 to 1119
Shaykh Tabarsi
Islamic juristlinguist
Persian scholar
Adalbert of Mainz
archbishopCatholic priest
Roman Catholic archbishop
Ahmad Ghazali
mystictheologian
Iranian theologian and writer
Gunnhildr Sveinsdóttir
consortmonarch
Danish royal consorts
Alusian of Bulgaria
military personnelmonarch
Bulgarian and Byzantine noble
Owain ap Cadwgan
aristocratmonarch
Welsh prince of Powys
Abdallah ibn Al-Aftas
monarchpolitician
Emir of Badajoz from 1022 to 1045
Osmund
artistCatholic bishop
Norman nobleman and member of the English clergy
Khabul Khan
khanmilitary personnel
Khan of the Khamag Mongol
10th Century
112Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Cnut the Great
monarchwriter
Viking king who ruled a North Sea empire encompassing Denmark, England, and Norway from 1016 until his death in 1035.
Murasaki Shikibu
diaristfilm screenwriter
Japanese novelist and poet (c.973–c.1014)
Harald Bluetooth
monarch
10th-century Viking king who united Denmark and converted the country to Christianity, with Bluetooth technology named after him.
Sei Shōnagon
diaristessayist
Japanese author and court lady
David III of Tao
monarchroyalty
Georgian prince
Hákon Sigurðsson
monarchruler
De facto ruler of Norway from c. 975–995
Olaf I of Norway
monarchwarrior
King of Norway
George I of Georgia
royaltytsar
King of Georgia
Bhoja
kingpoet
Indian king
Qabus
monarchpoet
Ziyarid ruler
Abu Sahl al-Quhi
astrologerastronomer
10th century Persian mathematician, physicist and astronomer
Ibn al-Haytham
astrologerastronomer
Persian physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 – c. 1040)
Alchabitius
astronomermathematician
10th century Arabian astrologer
Avicenna
astronomerchemist
Persian polymath, physician and philosopher (c. 980–1037)
Shabbethai Donnolo
astrologerastronomer
Italian physician
Guido of Arezzo
inventormonk
11th century Italian monk, inventor of modern musical notation
Sijzi
astrologerastronomer
Persian astronomer and mathematician (c.945-c.1020)
Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi
Islamic juristmufassir
Hanafite jurist
Ibn Sahl
mathematicianphysicist
Mathematician (0940-1000)
Gregory Magistros
philosopherscientist
Armenian prince, linguist, scholar and public functionary
Stephen I of Hungary
monarch
11th-century king of Hungary and saint
Olaf II of Norway
monarch
King of Norway from 1015 to 1028
Airlangga
monarch
Monarch of Kadiri kingdom
Samuel Aba
monarch
King of Hungary (born: c. 990 death: 1044)
Rededya
monarch
Circassian king
Olof Skötkonung
monarch
King of Sweden from c.995 to 1022
Gisela of Hungary
queen consort
German princess, Hungarian queen consort and Roman Catholic blessed
Eric the Victorious
monarch
Swedish king (945-995)
Edmund II of England
monarch
King of the English, Wessex dynasty
Oldřich, Duke of Bohemia
monarch
Duke of Bohemia
Owain ap Dyfnwal
monarch
Eleventh-century King of Strathclyde
Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu
monarch
King of Pagan
William I of Provence
monarch
Count of Provence
Harald Greycloak
monarch
King of Norway
Siemomysl
monarch
10th-century duke of the Polans
Duke and saint
Haakon the Good
monarch
King of Norway
Saigū no Nyōgo
musicianpoet
Japanese poet in Heian period; consort of emperor Murakami
Badi' al-Zaman al-Hamadani
poetwriter
Arab poet
Gregory of Narek
musicianphilosopher
Armenian monk
Notker Labeo
theologiantranslator
Monk and scholar of the Abbey of Saint Gall
Baba Tahir
poetwriter
Persian poet
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi
anatomistpharmacist
Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon and chemist (936–1013)
Farrokhi Sistani
poetwriter
Persian poet
Euthymius of Athos
calligraphermonk
Georgian philosopher and scholar
Sagami
poetwaka poet
Japanese waka poet
Abdollah ibn Bukhtishu
philosopherphysician
Syriac Nestorian physician
Fujiwara no Michitsuna no Haha
diaristpoet
10th-century Japanese poet
Baba Kuhi of Shiraz
philosopherpoet
10th- and 11th-century Persian Sufi mystic
Gregory V
Catholic priestwriter
Pope and ruler of the Papal States (c.972-999) (r.996-999)
Burchard of Worms
canon law juristCatholic bishop
Roman Catholic bishop
John XI
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Dunstan
archbishopCatholic priest
Archbishop of Canterbury
Adalbert
amanuensisCatholic priest
French saint, archbishop and missionary (c.910–981)
Maurilius
archbishopCatholic priest
Archbishop of Rouen (11th century)
Minamoto no Shitagō
lexicographerlinguist
Japanese poet
Gunnlaugr Ormstunga
explorerpoet
Icelandic poet
Berengar of Tours
philosopherscholaster
Medieval theologian (vers 990-1088)
Fujiwara no Sadayori
calligrapherkugyō
Japanese waka poet
Hilarion of Kyiv
Eastern Orthodox priestwriter
First non-Greek Metropolitan of Kyiv
Koshikibu no Naishi
Naishi-no-jōpoet
Japanese waka poet
Sigvatr Þórðarson
poetskald
Icelandic skald (995–1045)
Kiyohara no Motosuke
poetwriter
Japanese writer
Widukind of Corvey
historianwriter
10th-century Saxon chronicler
John XII
Catholic priestruler
Head of the Catholic Church from 955 to 964
Huarui
poetwriter
Noblewoman; poet
Genshin
Buddhist monkwriter
Japanese Buddhist monk
Rinchen Zangpo
editorIndologist
Buddhist philosopher
Gotthard of Hildesheim
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Roman Catholic saint
Fujiwara no Kintō
poetwriter
Poet
Izumi Shikibu
lady-in-waitingpoet
Japanese poet
Egill Skallagrímsson
berserkerexplorer
Viking Age poet, warrior and farmer
Akazome Emon
lady-in-waitingwaka poet
Japanese poet
Unsuri
poetwriter
Persian poet
Daini no Sanmi
poetwriter
Japanese poet in the Heian period; daughter of Murasaki Shikibu
Nakatsukasa
poetwriter
Japanese writer
Adalberon
archbishopCatholic priest
Archbishop of Reims
John the Iberian
calligraphermonk
Georgian monk
Sone no Yoshitada
poetwriter
Japanese poet and writer
Mahendradatta
monarchpolitician
Balinese queen consort (10th century)
Seyyedeh Khatun
politicianqueen
The mother of three Buwayhid kings and the last ruler of the Buwayhid Empire (987–1019)
Abu'l-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi
literary scholarminister
Last member of the Banu'l-Maghribi, a family of statesmen who served in several Muslim courts
Olaf Cuaran
king
10th century Norse king of Northumbria and Dublin
Vāsishka
monarch
Kushan ruler from 247 to 265
Haly Abenragel
astronomer
Arab astrologer
Maurus of Pécs
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Hungarian Roman Catholic bishop of Pécs from year 1036 until his death around year 1075 and saint
Ise no Taifu
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Humbert of Silva Candida
Catholic priestdiplomat
French cardinal, writer and diplomat
Ukon
poetwriter
Japanese poet and writer
Sawīris ibn al-Muqaffaʿ
Eastern Orthodox priesthistorian
Egyptian bishop
John XV
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Æthelwald, Ealdorman of East Anglia
magistratemilitary officer
Ealdorman of East Anglia
Eadric Streona
magistratemilitary officer
Anglo-Saxon noble
Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill
military commandersovereign
High King of Ireland, King of Mide
Nyaung-u Sawrahan
monarch
King of Pagan
Theinhko
monarch
King of Pagan
Gamle Eirikssen
Vikings
Norwegian monarch
Einar Thambarskelfir
explorermilitary personnel
Noble and politician from Norway (980-1050)
Lê Trung Tông
monarch
Vietnamese emperor
Thorvald Eiriksson
explorerseafarer
Icelandic explorer
Jayavarman V
monarch
Cambodian king
Erik the Red
conquistadorexplorer
Explorer and founder of the first viking settlement in Greenland
Æthelflæd of Damerham
queen consort
Anglo Saxon queen consort
Harald Grenske
king
10th century King of Vestfold
Tryggve Olafsson
king
Norwegian petty king
Bersi Skáldtorfuson
poetskald
Icelandic skald
Dunash ben Labrat
grammarianlinguist
10th-century Moroccan Jewish poet and grammarian
Khuông Việt
poetwriter
Vietnamese Buddhist monk and poet
Kormákr Ögmundarson
poetsinger
10th-century Icelandic poet
Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld
poetskald
Icelandic poet
Al-ʻIjliyyah
astronomer
Syrian scientist, mathematician, and astronomer, astrolabe maker
Suryavarman I
sovereign
Cambodian king
9th Century
75Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Boris I of Bulgaria
monarchmonk
Bulgarian ruler
Cormac mac Cuilennáin
kingpresbyter
Irish bishop and king of Munster
Ashot I of Armenia
monarchsovereign
Armenian king
Indravarman I
monarch
Emperor of Angkor
Al-Battani
astronomermathematician
Islamic astronomer and mathematician (died 929)
Ibn al-Mundhir
mufassirscientist
Islamic legal scholar
Abu Bakr al-Razi
chemistinventor
Persian polymath, physician, chemist and philosopher (854-925)
Flann Sinna
monarch
High King of Ireland
Arnulf of Carinthia
monarch
King of East Francia
Adelchis of Benevento
monarch
Prince of Benevento
Louis III of France
monarch
King of France
Dir
monarch
Prince of Kiev
Beorhtwulf of Mercia
monarch
King of Mercia
Sitric Cáech
monarch
Norse King of Dublin and King of York
Olaf III Guthfrithson
monarch
10th-century King of Dublin
Marozia
queen regnant
Italian queen
Mardavij
monarch
Founder of the Ziyarid Dynasty (319–323)
Louis the Child
monarch
King of East Francia and Lotharingia
Zwentibold
monarch
King of Lotharingia
Bořivoj I
monarch
Duke of Bohemia (9th century)
King in Denmark
Osberht
monarch
9th-century Northumbrian monarch
Adelaide of Paris
queen
Queen of the West Franks from 877 to 879
Richilde of Provence
queen regnant
Frankish Queen
Salomon, King of Brittany
monarch
King of Brittany
Boso of Provence
monarch
Frankish noble, King of lower Bourgundy
Louis III the Younger
monarch
King of East Francia
Charles the Fat
monarch
Emperor of the Carolingian Empire (839-888) (r. 881-887)
Rurik
monarch
Varangian chieftain (c. 830-879)
King of the Picts from 858 to 862
Ferdomnach
illuminatorwriter
Irish illustrator
Benedict IV
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Pope
Marinus II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Agapetus II
Catholic priestwriter
Catholic pope, 946-955
Saint Cyril the Philosopher
missionarytranslator
Christian missionary to the Slavs (9th c.)
Ibn Abi al-Dunya
historianrawi
Muslim scholar
Al-Hasan al-As'am
military leaderpoet
Tenth century military leader
Ki no Tomonori
waka poetwriter
Poet
Ono no Komachi
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Wandelbert
poettheologian
Benedictine monk and writer
Henjo
Buddhist monkpoet
Japanese writer
Saint Gorazd
clericwriter
Bishop of Moravia
Fujiwara no Tadahira
kugyōpoet
Japanese statesman, courtier and politician
Fujiwara no Kanesuke
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Virupa
mahasiddhapoet
Indian religious teacher of the 9th century
Sosei
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Marinus I
Catholic priestdiplomat
Pope
Saint Naum
missionarywriter
Bulgarian writer & missionary
Ki no Haseo
poetwriter
Japanese poet and writer
John IX
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Miyoshi Kiyotsura
philosopherpolitician
Japanese philosopher
Abu Bakr bin Yahya al-Suli
chess composerchess player
10th-century Turkic scholar at Abbasid court
John the Exarch
linguisttranslator
Bulgarian writer
Niftawayh
historianlinguist
Islamic scholar and author (died 935)
Ise
nyōbōwaka poet
Noblewoman; Japanese poet
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
Islamic juristmufassir
Muslim theologian (874–936)
Ki no Tsurayuki
waka poetwriter
Japanese writer
Leo VI
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Fujiwara no Okikaze
poetwriter
Japanese poet
Ōshikōchi no Mitsune
kanjinwaka poet
Japanese writer
Methodius of Thessaloniki
translatorwriter
Christian missionary to the Slavs
Ariwara no Narihira
poetwriter
Japanese writer, courtier and waka poet
Flaithbertach mac Inmainén
kingreligious figure
King of Munster
Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi
consultantgeographer
9th century Persian historian and philosopher
Shaghab
politicianQueen mother
Mother of the eighteenth Abbasid Caliph al-Muqtadir
Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf
explorerking
Norwegian petty king (c. 877–c. 934)
Al-Adli
chess composerchess player
9th-century Anatolian shatranj player
Halfdan Ragnarsson
military leaderruler
Viking leader and commander of the Great Heathen Army
Gao Pian
calligrapherpoet
Tang dynasty general
Al-Fakihi
historianmuhaddith
9th-century Hijazi Historian and Hadith scholar
Uallach ingen Muinecháin
poetwriter
Irish poet
Abu Bakr al-Shibli
poetscholar
Persian Sufi scholar (861–946)
Constantine of Preslav
clerichistorian
Bulgarian scholar
Moses Bar-Kepha
Eastern Orthodox priesttheologian
Syriac bishop
Anandavardhana
philosopherpoet
Author and philosopher
8th Century
56Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Jayavaraman II
monarch
9th-century king of Cambodia
Višeslav of Serbia
monarchžupan
Prince of the Serbs
Jabir ibn Hayyan
alchemistastronomer
8th-century Islamic alchemist and author
Virasena
Digambara monkmathematician
Indian Jain monk
Al-Jahiz
biologisthistorian
Arabic writer (776–869)
Muḥammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
astronomergeographer
9th-century Persian mathematician and astronomer
Wiglaf of Mercia
monarch
King of Mercia
Ceolwulf I of Mercia
monarch
King of Mercia
Cuthred of Kent
monarch
King of Kent
Coenwulf
monarch
King of Mercia from 796 to 821
Beorhtric
monarch
King of Wessex (r. 786-802)
Eadberht III Præn
monarch
King of Kent from 796 to 798
Hildeprand
monarch
King of the Lombards
Bernard of Italy
monarch
Illegitimate son of Pepin of Italy
Pepin I of Aquitaine
monarch
9th-century Frankish king
Judith of Bavaria
monarch
Carolingian empress and queen of the Franks
Carloman I
monarch
King of the Franks (r. 768–771)
Anulo
king
Danish Viking prince and warrior
Childeric III
monarch
King of Francia
Theuderic IV
monarch
Frankish king
Causantín mac Fergusa
monarch
King of Picts
Kōken
emperor
Empress of Japan
Ibn Ishaq
biographerhistorian
Arab hagiographer and historian (704–767)
Shu'ba Ibn al-Ḥajjāj
literary scholarmufassir
King of Hadith
Kamalaśīla
philosophertranslator
Indian Buddhist missionary (c.740-795)
Arbeo of Freising
Catholic priestwriter
Medieval bishop and author
Gregory IV
Catholic priestwriter
Pope and bishop of Rome from 827 to 844
Leo IV
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Pope of the Catholic Church
Kawa Peltsek
compilertranslator
Tibetan Buddhist
Otfrid of Weissenburg
Catholic priestlibrarian
Carolingian priest and poet
Yuthog Yontan Gonpo
academicLama
Tibetan lama
Angilbert
diplomatpoet
Frank/served Charlemagne as diplomat/abbot/poet/semi-son-in-law
Florus of Lyon
deacontheologian
Author
al-Fazārī
historianmuhaddith
Ḥadīth scholar and historian
Bernlef
poetwriter
Frisian bard (died 809)
Donatus of Fiesole
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Irish teacher, poet, Bishop of Fiesole and saint
Benedict of Aniane
monktheologian
Benedictine monk and reformer
Paschal I
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Pope
Einhard
biographerCatholic priest
Frankish scholar and courtier (c. 775 – 840)
Amalarius of Metz
Catholic priestpoet
French priest, poet and writer
Ādi Shankara
philosopherpoet
8th-century Hindu philosopher and theologian- Restorer of “Dashanami Sampradaya”.
Emperor Saga
calligrapherpoet
Emperor of Japan
Jinasena
Digambara monkmonk
8th/9th-century CE Indian Jain monk
Ennin
Buddhist monkwriter
Japanese Buddhist monk (794–864)
Lul
archbishopCatholic deacon
Archbishop of Mainz
Śāntarakṣita
philosophertranslator
Indian Buddhist philosopher (725-788)
Akalanka
philosopherpoet
Indian Jain monk
Idris Ibn Abdallah
imammonarch
Idrisid ruler (r. 788–791)
Nandivarman II
kingmonarch
Pallava king
Fedelmid mac Crimthainn
kingreligious figure
King of Munster
Abd ar-Rahman I
military leaderpolitician
Emir of Córdoba from 756 to 788
Abu Muslim al Khorasani
da'imilitary leader
Abbasid general
Dungal of Bobbio
astronomerpoet
Irish monk and teacher
King of Croatian Kingdom from 935 until his death in 945
Clement of Ireland
monkscholar
Iro-Scottish monk and scholar who was in the service of Charlemagne from 774
Khalifa ibn Khayyat
historianwriter
Arab historian of Abbasid era (777-854)
7th Century
45Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Anania Shirakatsi
alchemistastronomer
Armenian scientist
Vergilius of Salzburg
astronomerCatholic bishop
Irish churchman, astronomer, bishop of Salzburg
Bridei III
monarch
7th-century king of the Picts
Sigebert III
monarch
King of Austrasia
South Saxon monarch
Æscwine of Wessex
monarch
King of Wessex
Dagobert III
monarch
King of the Franks
Clovis III
monarch
King of Austrasia
Clovis IV
monarch
King of the Franks
Chilperic II
monarch
King of Neustria
Childebert III
monarch
King of the Franks
Dihya
monarch
Amazigh queen
Cædwalla of Wessex
monarch
King of Wessex
Childeric II
monarch
Frankish king
Charibert II
monarch
Frankish king
Childebert the Adopted
monarch
Frankish king
Dagobert I
monarch
Frankish king
Amir al-Sha'bi
ambassadorhistorian
Historian
Kakinomoto no Hitomaro
waka poetwriter
Japanese poet
Jitō
poetpolitician
Empress of Japan (645-703)
Ailerán
religious figurewriter
Scholar, saint
Adomnán
Christian ministerhagiographer
Hagiographer, statesman, clerical lawyer
Dharmakirti
commentatorphilosopher
Indian Buddhist philosopher (fl.c.600–670)
Abe no Nakamaro
bureaucratpoet
Japanese writer
Fujiwara no Umakai
politicianwriter
Japanese noble (694-737)
Kibi no Makibi
courtierphilosopher
Japanese scholar (695-775)
Constantine
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Tachibana no Moroe
poetpolitician
Imperial prince
Genmei
waka poetwriter
Empress regnant of Japan
Tenji
politicianwaka poet
Emperor of Japan (626-672)
Isaac the Syrian
Eastern Orthodox monkEastern Orthodox priest
Eastern Orthodox saint
Shantideva
Buddhist monkphilosopher
8th-century Indian Buddhist monk and scholar
Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali
linguistpoet
Scholar, philologist
Tonmi Sambhota
inventorminister
Purported inventor of the Tibetan script and grammar.
Alahis
aristocratmonarch
Lombard king
Lupus I of Aquitaine
head of statemilitary personnel
Duke of Gascony and Aquitaine
Saint Ultan
composerconductor
Irish musician and saint
Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr
scientist
Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra
military commanderwali
General and Umayyad governor
Al-Mukhtar
military leaderrevolutionary
Pro-Alid Arab revolutionary (c.622–687)
Uqba ibn Nafi
military leaderwali
Arab Muslim general (died 683)
Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
military leaderwali
Umayyad general and governor (died 686)
Jayavarman I
monarch
Cambodian king
Jacob of Edessa
clericphilosopher
Syriac Bishop of Edessa (c.640-708)
Cú Chuimne
canon law juristcomposer
Irish monk
6th Century
60Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Guaram I of Iberia
monarchpolitician
Georgian prince, who attained to the hereditary rulership of Iberia and the East Roman (Byzantine) title of curopalates from 588 to c
Theodelinda
monarchpatron of the arts
Queen of the Lombards (589-616)
Cynegils
monarchpolitician
King of Wessex (575-642)
Unknown Archon
monarchruler
Serbian leader
Kōtoku
monarchruler
Emperor of Japan (596–654, r. 645–654)
Gundeberga
consortQueen Regent
Queen of the Lombards
Kōgyoku
consortmonarch
Empress of Japan
Jomei
monarchwaka poet
Japanese emperor
Yohl Ik'nal
politicianqueen regnant
Ajaw of Palenque
Borzūya
physicianphysicist
Persian scientist
Eadbald of Kent
monarch
King of Kent
Cunimund
king
Last king of the Gepids
Khosrau III
monarch
Claimant of the Sassanid Empire (629–630)
Khosrau IV
monarch
The temporary ruler of the Sassanid Empire (630–632)
Rhydderch Hael
monarch
Ruler of Alt Clut
Gundemar
king of Wisigoths
Visigothic king
Peroz II
monarch
The temporary ruler of the Sassanid Empire (630)
Guntram
monarch
King of Burgundy from 561 to 592
Charibert I
monarch
King of Paris
Theuderic II
monarch
King of Burgundy
Theudebert II
monarch
King of Austrasia
Chilperic I
monarch
King of Neustria from 561 to 584 (537-584)
6th-century Himyarite king of Yemen
Bridei I
monarch
6th-century king of the Picts
Boniface V
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Al-Nadr ibn al-Harith
physicianpoet
Arab physician
Marhab
military leaderpoet
Jewish soldier who died in the Battle of Khaybar against Muhammad in 628 CE
Sebeos
Christian ministerhistorian
Armenian priest, historian and cleric
Imru' al-Qais
poetpolitician
Arab king and poet (501–544)
Pelagius I
Catholic priestdiplomat
Pope
Augustine of Canterbury
Latin Catholic priestmissionary
6th-century missionary, archbishop, and saint
Zuhayr
poetwriter
Arabian poet
Pelagius II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope and Bishop of Rome (r. 579-590)
Benedict I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
John III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Columbanus
missionarymonk
Irish missionary and saint (540-615)
Dorotheus of Gaza
monkregular priest
Ancient Greek monk
Saint Gall
composermissionary
Irish disciple and saint
Venantius Fortunatus
composerhagiographer
Italian saint-bishop, poet and hymnwriter (c. 530-c. 600/609)
Martin of Braga
authorcanon law jurist
Bishop of Dumium
Gregory I
diplomatLatin Catholic priest
64th Bishop of Rome, Head of the Roman Catholic Church from 590 to 604
Harsha
playwrightpoet
Indian king
Khalid ibn al-Walid
poetwarrior
Arab Muslim military general (d. 642)
Sisebut
biographersovereign
Visigoth king
Hamza ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib
huntermilitary leader
Muhammad's companion and uncle (c. 568–625)
al-Khansāʼ
poetwriter
Arab poet
Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
poetpolitician
Companion of Muhammad (594–656)
Shuraih Al-Qadhi
historianqadi
Judge in 6th-century Arabia
Barbad
musicianpoet
Persian musician
Candrakīrti
philosophertranslator
Indian Mahayana scholar of the Madhyamaka school
Audulf
kingmoneyer
Obscure Frankish moneyer or Frisian king attested by some coins (fl. c. 600-630)
Aldfrith
monarchpoet
King of Northumbria
Foillan
composermissionary
Irish saint
Stephen I of Iberia
military leaderroyalty
Prince of Iberia
Dallán Forgaill
poet
Irish poet and saint
Zhiyi
philosopher
Chinese Buddhist monk and founder of Tiantai tradition (538–597)
Severus Sebokht
astronomerEastern Orthodox priest
Assyrian bishop
Chen Shuda
poetpolitician
Chinese writer and chancellor
Cumméne Fota
latinistwriter
Irish bishop
Muirchú maccu Machtheni
authormonk
Irish hagiographer
5th Century
41Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Emperor Ninken
emperorruler
Emperor of Japan
Aryabhata
astrologerastronomer
Indian mathematician-astronomer
Dionysius Exiguus
canon law juristmathematician
Byzantine saint
Godomar
monarch
Burgundic prince
Mihirakula
monarch
Last of the hun rulers in India, oppressor of Buddhism
Ragnachar
monarch
Frankish king
Sigobert the Lame
monarch
Frankish king
Toramana
monarch
Ruler of the Alchon Huns
Childebert I
monarch
Frankish King
Theuderic I
monarch
Frankish King
Hermanafrid
monarch
King of the Thuringians
Chlodomer
monarch
King of the Franks
5th-century Irish monarch
Childeric I
monarch
Frankish king
Dhatusena
monarch
Sri Lankan King
Eleutherius of Tournai
presbyterwriter
Frankish bishop (456-532)
al-Muhalhil
knightmilitary leader
Poet and warrior in pre-Islamic Arabia
Felix III
Catholic priestwriter
Pope (483-492)
Abd al-Muttalib
merchantpoet
Chief Leader of the Quraysh and grandfather of Muhammad (c.497–578)
Su Xiaoxiao
poetwriter
Chinese courtesan and poet
Caesarius of Arles
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Merovingian archbishop and saint
John II
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
John I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Symmachus
authorCatholic priest
Pope from 498 to 514
Priscian
grammarianpoet
6th-century Latin grammarian
Fulgentius of Ruspe
monktheologian
6th-century Bishop of Ruspe
Quintus Aurelius Memmius Symmachus
historianpoet
6th century Roman historian and politician
Philoxenus of Mabbug
theologianwriter
Assyrian writer and theologian (died 523)
Caelius Aurelianus
physicianwriter
5th-century Greco-Roman physician and writer
Hilarius
Catholic priestpolitician
Pope (415-468)
Saint Remigius
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
French archbishop and saint
Hormisdas
Catholic priestwriter
Bishop of Rome from 514 to 523
Avitus of Vienne
Catholic bishoppoet
Archbishop of Vienne
Mazdak
philosopherpolitician
Iranian philosopher
Jacob of Serugh
Christian ministermatenagir
Syrian writer and bishop
Hilary of Arles
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Arles
Richimund
monarchwarrior
Suebic leader in Hispania
Rodulf
monarchsovereign
Norwegian petty king
Conleth
artistCatholic bishop
Irish bishop
Fiachu mac Néill
king
King of Uisnech
Iakob Tsurtaveli
calligrapherhagiographer
Georgian writer and calligrapher in the 5th century
4th Century
78Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Cyril of Alexandria
clericPope of the Coptic Orthodox Church
Patriarchate of Alexandria from 412 to 444
Constans II
monarch
Western Roman Emperor from 409 to 411
Flavius Victor
monarch
Emperor of the Western Roman Empire
Chlodio
monarch
Germanic king
Sebastianus
monarch
5th-century Roman usurper
Charito
empress consort
Roman empress, wife of Jovian
Basil of Caesarea
archbishopCatholic bishop
4th-century Christian bishop, theologian, and saint (329–379)
Saint Patrick
Catholic priestfarmer
5th-century Romano-British Christian missionary and bishop in Ireland
Avianus
fabulistpoet
Ancient Roman poet
Liberius
Catholic priestwriter
Head of the Catholic Church from 352 to 366
Orientius
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
5th century Christian Latin poet
Damasus I
Catholic priestpoet
Pope
Didymus the Blind
Christian theologianpresbyter
4th century Alexandrian Christian theologian
Hilary of Poitiers
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Poitiers (c. 310 – c. 367)
Boniface I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Optatus
Catholic priesttheologian
4th century Christian theologian and priest
Lucifer of Cagliari
Catholic priestwriter
4th-century bishop of Cagliari, Sardinia
Theodoret
Catholic priestchurch historian
5th century Byzantine theologian and bishop
Leo I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope from 440 to 461 (390–461)
Juvencus
poetwriter
Roman Spanish Christian and composer of Latin poetry
Ausonius
military personnelpoet
Late Roman poet
Aelius Donatus
grammarianpoet
Roman grammarian
Libanius
rhetoricianwriter
Greek rhetorician (4th century AD)
Epiphanius of Salamis
Christian ministerwriter
4th century Christian bishop and saint
Pacian
Catholic priestwriter
Bishop of Barcelona
Gregory of Nazianzus
bishopepigrammatist
Christian saint and theologian (c. 329 – 390)
Moses the Black
monkpriest
Monk, priest and martyr in Egypt
Macrina the Younger
nunphilosopher
4th-century Roman nun
Gaudentius of Brescia
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Brescia
Faltonia Betitia Proba
poetwriter
Ancient Roman poet
Phoebadius of Agen
prelatewriter
4th-century Catholic bishop
Ambrose
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Roman theologian and Bishop of Milan (c. 340–397)
Ammianus Marcellinus
historianmilitary personnel
4th-century Roman historian and soldier
Gregory of Nyssa
Catholic priesttheologian
Bishop of Nyssa
Amphilochius of Iconium
presbyterwriter
Bishop of Iconium
Chromatius
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Aquileia
Huiyuan
Buddhist monkphilosopher
Chinese Buddhist monk (334–416)
Victricius
authorpresbyter
Gallo-Roman saint
Jerome
anchoriteapologist
4th and 5th-century Catholic and Eastern Orthodox saint and Doctor of the Church
Anastasius I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Prudentius
juristpoet
Roman writer
Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
military personnelorator
Consul of the Roman Empire 391, orator (340-402)
Tyrannius Rufinus
church historianhistorian
Monk, historian, and theologian
Evagrius Ponticus
asceticChristian monk
Christian Monk
Shenute
religious figurewriter
Egyptian saint
Calcidius
philosopherwriter
4th-century philosopher
Paulinus of Nola
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Christian bishop and saint
Pelagius
Christian monkmissionary
4th-century theologian, namesake of Pelagianism
Daosheng
philosophertranslator
Chinese Buddhist monk
John Cassian
Christian monktheologian
Christian monk and theologian
Sulpicius Severus
hagiographerhistorian
Christian writer and historian and native of Aquitania (c. 363 – c. 425)
Servius
grammarianphilologist
Late 4th/early 5th century Roman grammarian
Paphnutius of Thebes
Catholic priesthermit
Egyptian saint
Claudian
poetwriter
5th century Roman Latin poet
Macrobius
civil servantmusic theorist
Ancient Roman author (5th century)
Yeznik of Kolb
philosophertheologian
5th-century Christian writer
Orosius
Catholic priesthistorian
Roman historian and theologian (c.375/385 – c.420 AD)
Xie Lingyun
poettranslator
Jin Dynasty poet (385-433)
Eucherius of Lyon
priestwriter
5th century Bishop of Lyon
Koryun
historianwriter
Armenian historian
Prosper of Aquitaine
historiantheologian
5th-century Roman Christian writer
Vegetius
historianmilitary personnel
Writer of the Later Roman Empire
Maximus of Turin
Catholic priestwriter
5th century bishop
Sextus Placitus
physicianwriter
Ancient Roman physician
Celestine I
Catholic priestwriter
Pope
Zosimus
authorCatholic priest
Pope
Alatheus
monarchpolitician
Greuthung chieftain and general
Justina
emperorregent
Roman empress as the wife of Valentinian I
Hortar
military personnelmonarch
Monarch
Sun Tzu
mathematician
Mathematician
Alaric I
military leadersovereign
King of the Visigoths
Valens
military officerpolitician
Roman emperor from 364 to 378
Emperor An of Jin
monarch
Emperor of the Jin Dynasty (265–420)
Zong Bing
painter
Hermit who lived 375-443 (375-444)
Dai Kui
painter
Painter (0326-0396)
Yuan Hong
historianpolitician
Chinese scholar (328-376)
Pope Timothy I of Alexandria
Eastern Orthodox priestwriter
Pope of the Coptic Church
Simeon Stylites
monkstylite
Christian ascetic saint
3rd Century
44Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Diocletian
monarchpolitician
Augustus of the Eastern Roman Empire (244-311)
Piso
monarchRoman usurper
3rd century Roman imperial usurper
Zosimos of Panopolis
alchemistlexicographer
Egyptian alchemist
Valerian II
monarch
Roman emperor
Macrianus Minor
monarch
Usurper of throne of Roman Empire (died 261)
Mahasena of Anuradhapura
monarch
Sri Lankan King
Saloninus
monarch
Roman nobleman and briefly emperor (c. 242 – 260)
Tranquillina
monarch
Consort to Roman Emperor Gordian III (born c.225)
Zhong Hui
philosopherpolitician
Cao Wei calligrapher, essayist and general (225-264)
Ji Kang
composerphilosopher
Chinese writer, poet, philosopher, musician and alchemist (223–262)
Liu Ling
philosopherpoet
Chinese scholar and poet (221-300)
Porphyry
historianmusic theorist
3rd-century Greek Neoplatonist philosopher
Vasubandhu
Buddhist monkcommentator
4th/5th century Indian Buddhist monk
Asanga
commentatorphilosopher
4th century Indian Mahayana Buddhist scholar
Zeno of Verona
Catholic priestwriter
Italian Catholic bishop and saint (300-371)
Serapion of Thmuis
Christian ministerhermit
Egyptian priest (4th century AD)
Pachomius the Great
monkwriter
Egyptian saint
Athanasius of Alexandria
Catholic priestdeacon
Pope of Alexandria from 328 to 373 (296–373)
Lactantius
apologistrhetorician
Roman Christian author (c. 250 - c. 325)
Methodius of Olympus
Catholic bishoppriest
Christian bishop and martyr
Maitreya-nātha
philosopherwriter
4th century Buddhist philosopher
Eusebius of Caesarea
Eastern Orthodox priesthistorian
Greek Christian scholar, c.260-c.340
Arnobius
philosopherwriter
Christian apologist
Anthony the Great
anchoriteChristian monk
Egyptian Christian monk, hermit, and saint (died 356)
Victorinus of Pettau
biblical scholarCatholic priest
3rd century Christian ecclesiastical writer
Iamblichus
philosopherwriter
Syrian Neoplatonist philosopher (c. 245 – c. 325)
Hosius of Corduba
Catholic priestwriter
Spanish bishop (256–359)
Xiang Xiu
philosopherpolitician
3rd century Chinese scholar and writer
Wang Rong
poetpolitician
Chinese general, poet and official (234–305)
Gregory Thaumaturgus
Catholic priestwriter
Greek bishop and saint (c. 213 – 270)
Gallienus
military personnelpoet
Roman emperor (218-268)
Plotinus
philosopherwriter
Hellenistic Platonist philosopher and founder of Neoplatonism (c. 204/5–270)
Publilius Optatianus Porfyrius
Beamterpoet
4th-century Roman poet
Acathius
bishoppriest
Bishop and saint (died c. 251)
Pandrosion
mathematician
Mathematician
Balista
military officermilitary personnel
Roman praetorian prefect and usurper (died c.261)
Macrianus Major
military officermilitary personnel
Usurper of the Roman Empire (died 261)
Teng Fanglan
emperor
Empress of Eastern Wu from 264 to 280
Muiredach Tirech
king
Irish king
Shapurdukhtak
monarch
Wife of her cousin, Sasanian king Bahram II
Eugenius
monarch
Early 3rd-century Roman tribunus and usurper from Antioch
Emperor Huai of Jin
monarch
3rd emperor of the Jin Dynasty (265–420)
Cao Rui
monarch
Chinese Cao Wei emperor from 226 to 239
Gan Bao
historianwriter
Chinese historian and writer (died 336)
2nd Century
40Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Uranius
monarch
Two possible 3rd century Roman imperial usurpers
Kanishka II
monarch
Kushan ruler from 232 to 247
Cyriades
monarch
Roman rebel who tried to overthrow emperor Gallienus
Mussius Aemilianus
monarch
Usurper during the reign of Roman emperor Gallienus
Silbannacus
monarch
3rd century Roman emperor or usurper
Sasan
monarch
Iranian ruler of Pars from c. 205 to c. 210
Vologases VI of Parthia
monarch
King of Kings of Parthia from 208 to 228
Seleucus
historianpolitician
3rd century Roman imperial usurper
Sextus Empiricus
philosopherphysician
2nd-century Roman philosopher and physician
Cyprian
Catholic bishopCatholic priest
Bishop of Carthage and Christian writer (c.210-258)
Pope Dionysius of Alexandria
presbyterwriter
Head of the Church in Alexandria from 248 to 264
Origen
clericphilosopher
Christian scholar, ascetic, and theologian (c. 185 – c. 253)
Herodian
historianwriter
Greco-Roman official and historian (c.170–c.240)
Ulpian
legal counselorwriter
Early 3rd century Roman jurist
Hippolytus
Catholic bishoppatron saint
Christian theologian and saint (c. 170 – c. 235)
Clement of Alexandria
philosophertheologian
Christian theologian (c.150 – c.215)
Cassius Dio
historianmilitary personnel
Greco-Roman statesman and historian (c. 155–c. 235)
Nagarjuna
Buddhist monkcompiler
3rd-century Indian Buddhist philosopher
Herodes Atticus
military personnelphilosopher
Greek sophist and Roman senator (101–177)
Aulus Gellius
grammarianmagistrate
2nd century Roman author and grammarian
Gaius
juristwriter
Roman jurist (2nd century AD)
Apuleius
lawyernovelist
2nd-century Numidian Latin-language writer, rhetorician and philosopher
Lucian of Samosata
biographerphilosopher
2nd-century Syrian satirist and rhetorician
Lucius Volusius Maecianus
juristpolitician
Roman jurist, official and governor (c.110–175)
Pausanias
geographertravel writer
Ancient Greek geographer, travel writer and mythographer
Tertullian
philosophertheologian
Roman Christian theologian and writer (c. 155 – c. 220)
Cornelius
authorCatholic priest
Pope Saint (251 to 253)
Aryadeva
philosopherwriter
3rd century Sri Lankan philosopher and writer
Pantaenus
philosophertheologian
Greek Christian theologian (died c.200)
Aelian
historianorator
Roman author and teacher (c.175–c.235)
Diophantus of Alexandria
mathematician
3rd century Alexandrian Greek mathematician
Ge Xuan
alchemist
Chinese Taoist (164–244)
Wei Yan
military officerpolitician
State of Shu Han general (died 234)
Tullius Menophilus
military leaderpolitician
Roman senator and general (fl. 241)
Sextus Catius Clementinus Priscillianus
military officerpolitician
Roman military officer and consul in 230
Qiao Zhou
astronomerpolitician
Shu Han official and scholar (died 270)
Liu Hong
astronomermathematician
Chinese astronomer and official (129–210)
Empress Cao Jie
empress consort
Chinese Han dynasty empress (197-260)
Liu Shao
poetpolitician
3rd century Cao Wei state official and poet
Sabellius
theologian
3rd century Libyan theologian who espoused modalistic monarchianism
1st Century
57Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Boudica
military leaderqueen regnant
Queen of the British Iceni tribe
Pliny the Elder
art historiancivil servant
1st-century Roman military commander and writer
Theon of Smyrna
astronomermathematician
2nd century Greek mathematician and philosopher
Hero of Alexandria
engineerinventor
Ancient Greek mathematician and engineer
Marinus of Tyre
cartographergeographer
Greek cartographer and mathematician (c.70–130)
Apollonius of Tyana
mathematicianphilosopher
1st century AD Greek Neopythagorean philosopher
Frontinus
architectcivil engineer
Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator (c. 30 – 103 AD)
Apollodorus of Damascus
architectengineer
2nd century Syrian Roman architect and engineer
Nicomachus
mathematicianmusicologist
Greco-Syrian mathematician (c. 60 – c. 120 AD)
Vologases III of Parthia
monarch
King of Parthia
Amanitenmemide
monarch
Nubian king
Karikala Chola
monarch
Historical Chola king who ruled southern India
Tiberius Julius Cotys II
monarch
King of the Bosporus from 123 to 131
Vologases II of Parthia
monarch
1st century AD Parthian prince
Domitia Longina
empress consort
Roman empress, wife of emperor Domitian (c. AD 53/55 - c.126/130)
Antiochus IV of Commagene
monarch
Last king of Commagene (ruled AD 38-72)
Vologases I of Parthia
monarch
Parthian king 51-ca. 78 CE
Claudia Octavia
Roman Empress
Daughter of Roman Emperor Claudius and wife of Emperor Nero
Livia Orestilla
empress consort
Second wife of Roman Emperor Caligula
Berenice
monarch
1st century CE member of the Herodian Dynasty that ruled the Roman province of Judaea
Jia Kui
philosopherpoet
Han dynasty classicist
Petronius
military personnelphilosopher
1st century AD Roman courtier and author of the Satyricon (27–66)
Josephus
historianwriter
Roman–Jewish historian and military leader (c. 37–c. 100)
Quintilian
lawyerpedagogue
1st century Hispanic-born Roman educator and rhetorician
Plutarch
biographeressayist
Greek philosopher and historian (c. AD 46 – after AD 119)
Publius Papinius Statius
poetwriter
1st century AD Roman poet
Epictetus
philosopherwriter
Greek Stoic philosopher (c. 50–c. 138)
Tacitus
annalistbiographer
Roman historian and senator (c. 56 – c. 120)
Polycarp
Christian ministerpresbyter
Christian bishop of Smyrna
Pomponius Mela
geographerhistorian
Roman geographer of the first century
Melito of Sardis
philosopherpresbyter
Ancient Roman Eunuch and saint
Marcus Manilius
astrologerpoet
1st century Roman writer
Publius Clodius Thrasea Paetus
philosopherpolitician
Suffect consul November to December 56 AD
Quadratus of Athens
presbyterwriter
Christian apologist and saint
Junius Rusticus
military personnelphilosopher
Stoic philosopher (100-170)
Salvius Julianus
juristpolitician
Roman jurist and politician
Justin Martyr
apologistphilosopher
2nd century CE Christian apologist and martyr
Quintus Curtius Rufus
historianpolitician
Roman historian
Polemon of Laodicea
philosopherpolitician
Greek sophist (c. 90 – 144)
Aśvaghoṣa
poetwriter
2nd century Buddhist Indian poet and philosopher
Lucius Annaeus Florus
historianorator
2nd century Roman historian and poet
Marcion of Sinope
philosophertheologian
Anatolian Christian theologian (c.85–c.160)
Arrian
historianmilitary personnel
2nd century Greek historian, official and philosopher
Pliny the Younger
civil servanthistorian
Roman lawyer, author and magistrate (61 – c.113)
Juvenal
historianpoet
Early 2nd century Roman poet
Dio Chrysostom
oratorphilosopher
Greek orator, writer, philosopher and historian (c. 40 – c. 115)
Columella
poetwriter
Roman writer on agriculture
Paul the Apostle
artisanmissionary
Early Christian apostle and missionary (c. AD 5 – c. 64/65)
Silius Italicus
historianlawyer
1st-century AD Roman senator, orator and poet (26–101)
Izates bar Monobaz
monarchrabbi
King of the Parthian client kingdom of Adiabene (c.1 CE-55 CE)
Gaius Suetonius Paulinus
military officerpolitician
1st century Roman general and provincial governor
Lucius Funisulanus Vettonianus
military officerpolitician
Late 1st century Roman general and senator
Lucius Flavius Silva
military officerpolitician
1st century AD Roman senator, commander and politician
Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus
civil servantmilitary officer
Roman senator, general and governor (70 – 117)
Kundakunda
writer
Indian Jain monk
Charaka
academicAyurvedacharya
Indian physician and academic
Aelianus Tacticus
poetwriter
2nd-century Greek military writer
0th Century
47Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Vitruvius
architectartillerist
Roman architect and engineer
Verica
monarch
British Roman client king
Herod of Chalcis
monarch
Roman client king of Chalcis in Iturea (ruled 41–48 AD)
Polemon II of Pontus
monarch
King of Pontus
King of Cappadoccia
Pharnaces II of Pontus
monarch
Bosporan king from 63 to 47 BC
Machares
monarch
Son of Mithridates VI
Cornelius Nepos
biographerhistorian
Roman historian and biographer (c.110 BC–c.25 BC)
Cato the Younger
military personnelpolitician
Roman statesman, general and writer (95–46 BC)
Lucretius
philosopherpoet
1st-century BC Roman poet and philosopher
Cornificia
poetwriter
Roman poet
Titus Livius
historianpoet
Roman historian (59 BC – AD 17)
Seneca
aphoristphilosopher
Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman and dramatist (c. 4 BCE–65 CE)
Philo of Alexandria
historianphilosopher
Hellenistic Jewish philosopher who lived in Alexandria (c. 20 BCE-c. 50 CE)
Marcus Velleius Paterculus
historianmilitary personnel
Roman historian, soldier and senator (c.19 BC - c. AD 31)
Phaedrus
poetwriter
Latin fabulist and probably a Thracian slave
Aulus Cornelius Celsus
physicianwriter
Roman physician and writer
Clodius Aesopus
actorwriter
1st century BC Roman tragedian
Caecilius of Calacte
historianliterary critic
Greek critic and rhetorician during the reign of Augustus
Tibullus
elegistpoet
Roman poet and writer of elegies (c. 55 BC - 19 BC)
Propertius
elegistpoet
1st century BC Roman elegiac poet
Sextius Niger
physicianwriter
Roman writer on pharmacology during the reign of Augustus
Verrius Flaccus
lexicographerpoet
Roman lexicographer and writer (55 BC-20 AD)
Seneca the Elder
historianphilosopher
Roman scholar, writer and historian (54 BC-c.39 AD)
Dionysius of Halicarnassus
grammarianhistorian
1st-century BC Greek historian and teacher
Lucius Calpurnius Bibulus
military personnelpolitician
1st-century BC governor of Syria
Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus
historianmilitary personnel
1st-century BC Roman politician and general
Antonius Musa
botanistphysician
Greek botanist and physician to Emperor Augustus (-62-14)
Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
architectmilitary personnel
Ancient Roman statesman and general
Gaius Maecenas
patron of the artspoet
Roman political advisor (d. 8 BC)
Gaius Cornelius Gallus
elegistepigrammatist
1st century BC Roman poet, orator and politician
Strabo
geographerhistorian
Greek geographer, philosopher and historian (64/63 BC–c.24 AD)
Gaius Asinius Pollio
historianorator
Roman politician, historian and writer (75 BC–AD 4)
Aulus Hirtius
historianmilitary personnel
Roman historian, politician and soldier
Marcus Junius Brutus
philosopherpoet
Assassin of Julius Caesar
Herod Antipas
monarchpolitician
1st century AD tetrarch of Galilee and Perea
Monime
aristocratqueen consort
Macedonian Greek noblewoman
Indutiomarus
monarchwarrior
Gallic prince
Tiberius Claudius Nero
military officerRoman magistrate
Father of Roman emperor Tiberius
Aulus Caecina Severus
military leadermilitary personnel
Roman politician and general during the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius
Chariovalda
leaderwar chief
1st century Batavian chieftain
Ch'in Chia
poet
Chinese poet
Du Shi
civil engineerengineer
1st century engineer, metallurgist and politician
Liu Xin
archivistastronomer
Chinese astronomer, mathematician, historian, librarian and politician (c. 50 BCE-23CE)
Tincomarus
monarch
King of the Atrebates in southern central Britain
Didymus Chalcenterus
grammarianlexicographer
Greek scholar and grammarian (c.63 BC–c.AD 10)
Huan Tan
philosopherpoet
Chinese philosopher, poet, and politician (c. 43 BC - AD 28)
-1th Century
42Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Cleopatra III of Egypt
monarchqueen regnant
Queen of Egypt from 142 to 131 BC and again from 127 to 116 BC
Posidonius
astronomergeographer
Greek Stoic philosopher (c.135 – c.51 BC)
Lucterius
monarch
Gaulish ruler
Malichus I
monarch
Nabataean king
Natakamani
monarch
Kushite King
Mithridates II of Commagene
monarch
King of Commagene
Artabanus II
monarch
King of Kings of the Parthian Empire (r. 12 AD - 38/41 AD)
Apollophanes
monarch
Indo-Greek king
Commius
monarch
King of Atrebates tribe
Nawidemak
queen
Queen of Kush
Demetrius III
king
Indo-Greek king
Tiberius Julius Aspurgus
monarch
Roman client king of the Bosporan Kingdom (ruled 8-38 AD)
Cunobeline
monarch
1st-century British monarch
Tasciovanus
king
Roman-era Catuvellauni King
Gouyi
empress consort
Noblewoman; consort of Emperor Wu of Han
Asander
monarch
Roman client king of the Bosporan Kingdom
Laodice V
monarch
Daughter of Seleucus IV Philopator and Laodice IV, wife of Perseus of Macedon and later a possible wife of Demetrius I Soter
Eucratides I
monarch
Greco-Bactrian king from 172/171 BC to 145 BC
Parisades V
monarch
King of the Bosporan Kingdom from 125 to 109 BC
Parthian king
Cleopatra II of Egypt
monarch
Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt
Cleopatra Selene of Egypt and Syria
queen regnant
Queen of Egypt and Syria
Terence
comedy writerplaywright
Roman comic playwright (2nd cent. BC)
Panaetius
philosopherwriter
2nd-century BC Greek philosopher
Marcus Aemilius Scaurus
historianmilitary personnel
Roman senator and consul in 115 BC
Marcus Terentius Varro
annalistgrammarian
Roman scholar, polymath and author (116–27 BC)
Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus
historianpolitician
Gallo-Roman historian who flourished during the reign of the emperor Augustus
Alfenus Varus
juristpoet
Ancient Roman jurist and writer
Valerius Maximus
historianpoet
Early 1st century AD Roman professional rhetorician, historian and author
Quintus Tullius Cicero
military leaderofficial
Brother of Marcus Tullius Cicero
Titus Pomponius Atticus
annalistbanker
Roman banker, writer and philosopher (c.110 BC – 32 BC)
Quintus Hortensius
annalistlawyer
Roman lawyer, statesman and orator (consul 69 BC)
Dionysius Thrax
grammarianwriter
Ancient Greek grammarian
Lucius Licinius Crassus
jurist-consultantorator
Roman consul 95 BC
Archelaus
monarchpriest
High priest of Comana Cappadocia
Laodice VII Thea
monarchpolitician
Greek monarch
Aglaonike
astronomer
Ancient Greek astronomer, daughter of Hegetor
Sulla
military leadermilitary personnel
Roman dictator and general
Gaius Marius
ancient Roman priestmilitary leader
Roman general, statesman and military reformer (157-86 BC)
Pingala
academiclinguist
Ancient Indian mathematician
Cleopatra IV of Egypt
queen regnant
Queen of Egypt from 116–115 BC
Mago
agronomistwriter
Carthaginian writer
-2th Century
49Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Timarchus
governormonarch
Usurper of the Seleucid empire
Mithridates V of Pontus
military personnelmonarch
King of Pontus
Apollonius of Perga
astronomermathematician
Ancient Greek geometer and astronomer noted for his writings on conic sections
Archimedes
astronomerengineer
Greek mathematician and physicist (c. 287 – c. 212 BC)
Eratosthenes
astronomerelegist
Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, librarian and music theorist
Arsinoe III of Egypt
monarch
Queen of Egypt from 220 BC to 204 BC
Cleopatra I Syra
queen regnant
Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt
King of Parthian Empire
Indo-Greek king who ruled in the region spanning the Paropamisade to Punjab
Indo-Greek king
Parthian emperor (132-128 BC)
Antimachus I
king
Graeco-Bactrian king
Nicomedes IV of Bithynia
monarch
King of Bithynia
Nicomedes III of Bithynia
monarch
King of Bithynia
Artemidoros
monarch
1st-century BC Indo-Greek king
Phraates III of Parthia
monarch
Parthian emperor (70 BC - 57 BC)
Antimachus II
king
Indo-Greek king
Indo-greek King
Heliokles II
king
Indo-Greek king
Ariobarzanes I of Cappadocia
monarch
King of Cappadocia
Zoilus I
monarch
Indo-Greek king
Lysias Anicetus
king
Indo-Greek king
Plato of Bactria
king
Bactrian king
Antialcidas
monarch
Indo-Greek king
Orophernes of Cappadocia
monarch
Monarch
Mithridates I Callinicus
monarch
King of Commagene
Nicomedes II of Bithynia
monarch
King of Bithynia
Zariadres
king
King of Sophene
Demetrius II Aetolicus
monarch
King of Macedonia
Aratus of Sicyon
historianmilitary personnel
Greek statesman, general and Achaean League strategos (271-213 BC)
Cato the Elder
economisthistorian
Roman politician, soldier and writer (234–149 BC)
Diogenes of Babylon
astrologerdiplomat
Ancient Greek philosopher of the Stoic school
Hiempsal II
regentwriter
King of Numidia
Moschus
poetwriter
Ancient Greek poet
Apollonius of Rhodes
grammarianlibrarian
3rd century BC Greek epic poet
Lü Buwei
merchantphilosopher
Chinese merchant and politician of the Qin state (291–235 BC)
Livius Andronicus
playwrightpoet
3rd-century BC Greco-Roman dramatist and epic poet
Alexandros of Antioch
poetsculptor
Hellenistic sculptor
Plautus
comedy writerplaywright
Roman comic playwright (c. 254 – 184 BC)
Gnaeus Naevius
playwrightpoet
Ancient Roman dramatist
Hedylus
epigrammatistpoet
Ancient Greek poet and writer
Menippus
comedianphilosopher
3rd-century BC Greek Cynic satirist
Sextus Aelius Paetus Catus
jurist-consultantmilitary personnel
Roman consul 198 BC
Nicomedes
mathematician
Ancient Greek mathematician
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
military leadermilitary personnel
General and five time consul of the Roman Republic, awareded the Spolia opima for his victories during the Gallic and Punic Wars
Hannibal
military leaderpolitician
Carthaginian general (247–183/181 BC)
Hamilcar Barca
military officerpolitician
Carthaginian general
Fu Sheng
philosopher
Confucian scholar
Andronicus of Cyrrhus
architectastronomer
Macedonian astronomer around 100 BC
-3th Century
75Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Euclid
mathematicianwriter
Ancient Greek mathematician (fl. 300 BC)
Strato of Lampsacus
pedagoguephilosopher
Ancient Greek philosopher
Aratus
astronomerpoet
Greek didactic poet (c. 315/310–240 BC)
Pytheas
astronomerexplorer
Ancient Greek explorer
Aristoxenus
mathematicianmusicologist
4th century BC Greek Peripatetic philosopher
Heraclides Ponticus
astronomerphilosopher
Greek philosopher and astronomer (c.390–c.310 BC)
Xenocrates
mathematicianphilosopher
4th-century BC Greek philosopher, mathematician and scholarch
Theophrastus
botanistphilosopher
Greek philosopher (c.371-c.287 BC)
Philip II of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedon from 359 to 336 BC
Darius III
monarch
Last king of the Achaemenid Empire (r. 336–330 BC)
Perdiccas III of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedonia from 365 BC to 360 BC
King Wuling of Zhao
monarch
Zhou Dynasty King
King of Anuradhapura from 247 BC to 207 BC
Arsinoe II
monarch
Ptolemaic Greek Princess of Ancient Egypt and Queen of Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia
Gentius
monarch
Illyrian king
Arakamani
monarch
King of Meroe
Mithridates III of Pontus
monarch
King of Pontus
Pharnaces I of Pontus
monarch
King of Pontus
Prusias II of Bithynia
monarch
Bithynian king
Prusias I of Bithynia
monarch
King of Bithynia
Bagadates I
Persian king-priest
Dynast of Persis from 164 to 146 BC
Dutugamunu
monarch
Sri Lankan King
Demosthenes
diplomatorator
Classical Athenian statesman and orator (384–322 BC)
Aeschines
diplomatorator
Greek orator and statesman (4th century BCE)
Shang Yang
philosopherpolitician
Qin State statesman, chancellor and reformer (c. 390–338 BC)
Mencius
philosopherwriter
Chinese Confucian philosopher (372–289 BC)
Chanakya
adviserastrologer
4th-century BCE Indian statesman and philosopher
Pyrrho
painterphilosopher
Greek philosopher and founder of Pyrrhonism (c.360-c.270 BC)
Onesikritos
historianseafarer
Ancient Greek historian and admiral
Philemon
comedy writerpoet
4th-century BC Athenian poet of New Comedy
Calanus
asceticphilosopher
Indian sage
Zhuang Zhou
philosopherpoet
Chinese Taoist philosopher (c. 369–286 BC)
Archestratus of Gela
poetwriter
Ancient Greek poet (4th century BCE)
Qu Yuan
poetpolitician
Chinese poet and politician (c.340–278 BC)
Menander
comedy writerpoet
Athenian playwright of New Comedy
Posidippus
epigrammatistpoet
Greek epigrammatist and poet (c.310–c.240 BC)
Callimachus
elegistepigrammatist
3rd-century BC Greek poet, scholar and librarian
Yin Wen
philosopherwriter
Philosopher of the School of Names
Demetrius of Phalerum
librarianphilosopher
Greek statesman and philosopher (c.350–c.280 BC)
Epicurus
philosopherwriter
Ancient Greek philosopher
Craterus
historianmilitary leader
Macedonian general under Alexander the Great
Ptolemy I Soter
historianmilitary personnel
Macedonian general, ruler of Egypt
Apelles
painterwriter
4th century BC Greek painter
Moero
epigrammatistpoet
Ancient Greek poet
Zoilus
historianorator
Greek grammarian, philosopher and literary critic (c.400–320 BC)
Nearchus
explorerhistorian
Admiral of Alexander the Great
Thessalonike of Macedon
politicianqueen consort
Macedonian princess (353/2 or 346/5 BC – 295 BC)
Sosibius
ministerpolitician
Late 3rd-century BC Ptolemaic chief minister
Ankhmakis
monarchstatesperson
Egyptian Pharaoh
Cleopatra of Macedon
politicianqueen regnant
4th-century BC Macedonian princess and queen regent of Epirus
Lysippos
architectbrazier
4th-century BC Greek sculptor
Scopas
architectsculptor
Greek sculptor (394 BC–349 BC)
Euphranor
paintersculptor
Painter and sculptor
Aristarchus of Samos
astronomer
Greek astronomer and mathematician (c.310–c.230 BC)
Hephaestion
military commandermilitary officer
Macedonian nobleman and general, best friend of Alexander the Great (c. 356–324 BC)
Hiero II of Syracuse
military leaderpolitician
3rd-century BC Sicilian Greek ruler
Ariobarzanes
military commanderofficial
Persian satrap
Philotas
military commandermilitary personnel
Ancient Macedonian general, son of Parmenion
Eumenes
military officermilitary personnel
Greek general and satrap (c. 362 – 316 BC)
Perdiccas
military commandermilitary personnel
Ancient Macedonian military commander
Antigonus I Monophthalmus
military leadermilitary personnel
Macedonian general, founder of Antigonid dynasty (382–301 BC)
Marcus Sergius
military officermilitary personnel
Roman praetor 197 BC and general
Arcesilaus
philosopher
3rd-century BC Greek Hellenistic philosopher
Xunzi
philosopher
Chinese Confucian philosopher (c. 310 – after 238 BCE)
Menaechmus
astronomermathematician
4th-century BC Greek mathematician
Harkhebi
astrologerastronomer
Ancient Egyptian astronomer
King Zhao of Wei
monarch
Monarch
Emperor Yi of Chu
head of state
King of Chinese state of Chu from 208 to 206 BC
Antipater I of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedon from 297 BC until 294 BC, jointly with his brother Alexander V of Macedon
King Zhaoxiang of Qin
monarch
King of Chinese state of Qin from 307 to 251 BC
King Xiaowen of Qin
monarch
Ruler of the state of Qin
Zou Yan
philosopherwriter
Zhou Dynasty philosopher
Badarayana
authorphilosopher
Indian author
Hieronymus of Cardia
historianwriter
4th/3rd century BC Greek general and historian
Craterus
historianjurist
Macedonian historian
-4th Century
68Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Darius II
monarchshah
The ninth Achaemenid emperor (423–404 BC)
Philolaus
astronomermathematician
Greek philosopher, astronomer and Pythagorean (c.470–c.385 BCE)
Anaxagoras
astronomermathematician
5th-century BC Greek philosopher
Archytas
engineermathematician
4th-century BC Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer and statesman
Dicaearchus
geographerhistorian
4th-century BC Greek philosopher and geographer
Li Kui
engineerphilosopher
Chinese philosopher
Speusippus
mathematicianphilosopher
4th-century BC Greek philosopher
Eudoxus of Cnidus
geographermathematician
Greek astronomer and mathematician (c.408–c.355 BC)
Ocellus Lucanus
astronomerphilosopher
Ancient Greek scholar
Democritus
art historianmathematician
Greek philosopher (c. 460–c. 370 BC)
Mozi
engineermilitary engineer
5th-century BC Chinese philosopher and founder of Mohism
Zeno of Elea
mathematicianphilosopher
Greek philosopher (c. 495 – c. 430 BC)
Bian Que
physicianscientist
Ancient Chinese physician
Artaxerxes II
king
The 10th Achaemenid Emperor (404–358 BC)
Bardylis
monarch
Illyrian king from 393 BC to 358 BC
Philip IV of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedon
Eupolis
comedy writerwriter
Athenian playwright of Old Comedy (5th-century BC)
Melissus of Samos
military personnelphilosopher
5th-century BC Greek Eleatic philosopher
Euripides
philosopherplaywright
5th-century BC Athenian playwright
Socrates
ethicistphilosopher
5th-century BCE Greek philosopher
Aspasia
oratorphilosopher
5th-century BC partner of Athenian statesman Pericles
Hippocrates
philosopherphysician
Greek physician (c. 460 – c. 370 BC)
Thucydides
historianwriter
5th-century BC Athenian historian and general
Plato
epigrammatistphilosopher
4th-century BCE Greek philosopher
Theocritus
poetwriter
3rd-century BC Greek poet
Sophocles
playwrightpolitician
Ancient Greek playwright
Sun Bin
military officerphilosopher
Chinese general, military strategist and writer (died 316 BC)
Lais of Hyccara
hetaerawriter
Ancient Greek heteira
Xenophon
historianmercenary
Greek philosopher, historian, soldier (c. 430–355/354 BC)
Philistus
historianpolitician
Greek historian (c. 432 – 356 BC)
Wu Qi
military personnelphilosopher
Chinese general (440–381 BC)
Isocrates
oratorwriter
Greek rhetorician and writer (436–338 BC)
Lysias
logographerorator
Athenian orator (c. 445 – c. 380 BC)
Lie Yukou
philosopherpoet
4th-century BCE Chinese philosopher and author
Diagoras of Melos
dithyrambic poetphilosopher
5th-century BC Greek poet and sophist
Aristophanes
comedy writerplaywright
Classical Athenian comic playwright (c. 446 – c. 386 BC)
Diotima of Mantinea
philosopherprophet
Ancient Greek philosopher
Acron
philosopherphysician
Ancient Greek physician
Fan Li
entrepreneurphilosopher
Early 5th-century BC Chinese political and military advisor
Phrynis
citharodepoet
5th-century BC Greek musician and poet
Eurydice I of Macedon
queenwriter
Queen of Macedon from 393 to 369 BC
Phidias
architectpainter
Greek sculptor, painter and architect (c.480–430 BC)
Penthesilea Painter
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Greek vase painter (c. 5. century BCE)
Meleager Painter
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek vase painter
Jīvaka Kaumārabhṛtya
scientist
Personal physician of the Buddha and Indian King Bimbisara
Phocion
diplomatmilitary leader
Athenian diplomat
Alcetas
military officermilitary personnel
General of Alexander the Great
Agesilaus II
diplomatmilitary leader
King of Sparta
Criton
philosopher
5th-century BC Athenian philosopher
Herodotus
historian
Greek historian and geographer (c.484–c.425 BC)
Crates of Athens
philosopher
3rd-century BC Greek Platonist philosopher
Antisthenes
philosopher
Greek philosopher, founder of Cynicism (c.446–c.366 BCE)
Zisi
philosopher
Chinese philosopher, grandson of Confucius (c. 481–402 BCE)
Polemon
philosopher
Greek philosopher and scholarch (died 270/269 BC)
Hippodamus of Miletus
architectmathematician
Greek architect, urban planner and philosopher (498 – 408 BC)
Gan De
astrologerastronomer
4th-century BC Chinese astronomer and astrologer
Shi Shen
astrologerastronomer
Chinese astronomer
King Xian of Zhou
monarch
Zhou Dynasty king of China from 368 to 321 BC
King Nan of Zhou
monarch
Zhou Dynasty king of China from 314 to 256 BC
King An of Zhou
monarch
Zhou Dynasty king of China from 401 to 376 BC
Timotheos
sculptor
Greek sculptor of the 4th century BC
Antiphon
poettragedy writer
Poet
Androsthenes of Thasos
explorerhistorian
Admiral of Alexander the Great
Marsyas of Pella
historianwriter
Historian and writer
Prodicus
diplomatphilosopher
Greek philosopher (c. 465 – c. 395 BC)
Sophron
comedy writermimographer
Ancient Greek writer
Athanis
historianwriter
Historian, author and writer (0400-0400)
Timotheus of Miletus
dithyrambic poetmusician
Greek harpist and poet (c. 446 – 357 BC)
-5th Century
60Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Darius I
military leadermonarch
The fourth and greatest Achaemenid emperor (522–486 BC)
Cyrus the Great
foundermilitary leader
Founder of the Achaemenid Empire (559–529 BC)
Archelaus I of Macedon
athleteking
King of Macedon
Leucippus
philosopherphysicist
5th-century BCE Greek philosopher
Heraclitus
philosopherphysicist
Greek philosopher (late 6th/early 5th-century BC)
Anaximenes of Miletus
astronomerphilosopher
Greek Ionian Pre-Socratic philosopher (c.586–c.526 BC)
Pythagoras
mathematicianmusicologist
Greek philosopher and mathematician (c. 570 – c. 495 BC)
Lu Ban
architectengineer
5th-century BC Chinese engineer and inventor
Epicharmus of Kos
comedy writerdramaturge
Late 6th/early 5th century BC Greek dramatist and philosopher
Timaeus of Locri
astronomermathematician
Character in Plato's dialogues; purported ancient Greek philosopher
Metrodorus of Chios
mathematicianmeteorologist
4th-century BC Greek philosopher
Atossa
queen regnant
Persian Achaemenid empress (550–475 BC)
King of Macedonia from 394/3 to 393/2 BC
Perdiccas II of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedonia
Aeropus II of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedonia from 398/7 until 394/3 BC
Inaros II
monarch
5th century BC Egyptian ruler
Amyntas II of Macedon
monarch
Macedonian monarch
Chilon of Sparta
philosopherpoet
6th century BC Spartan philosopher, ephor and writer
Mahapajapati Gotami
Buddhist nunphilosopher
Disciple of Gautama Buddha
Laozi
archivistphilosopher
6th-century BC semi-legendary Chinese philosopher, founder of Taoism
Pherecydes of Syros
mythographerphilosopher
6th-century BCE Greek mythographer and proto-philosopher
Anacreon
epigrammatistHofmeister
Ancient Greek lyric poet, notable for his drinking songs and hymns
Xenophanes
elegistepigrammatist
Greek Pre-Socratic philosopher (c.570–c.478 BC)
Sun Tzu
military personnelphilosopher
6th century BCE Chinese general and military strategist
Aeschylus
playwrighttragedy writer
5th century BC Athenian Greek tragedian
Zengzi
philosopherwriter
Chinese philosopher and disciple of Confucius (505–435 BC)
The Buddha
Buddhist monkfather of faith
Indian philosopher and the founder of Buddhism (623 or 563 BCE – 543 or 483 BCE)
Corinna
poetwriter
Ancient Greek poet whose lifetime is unclear and controversial
Antimachus
elegistepigrammatist
Ancient Greek poet and grammarian
Telesilla
poetwriter
Late 6th century and early 5th century BC Greek poet
Praxilla
dithyrambic poetpoet
Poet of the 5th century; there is very little surviving of her works
Panyassis
poetwriter
5th-century BC Greek epic poet
Parmenides
legislatorphilosopher
Late 6th/early 5th century BC Greek pre-Socratic philosopher
Bacchylides
dithyrambic poetepigrammatist
Greek lyric poet (c. 518 – c. 451 BC)
Panini
grammarianlinguist
Ancient Sanskrit grammarian
Wu Zixu
philosopherpolitician
Chinese Wu kingdom general and politician (died 484 BC)
Pindar
mythographerpoet
Ancient Greek lyric poet
Zichan
philosopherpolitician
Chinese statesman of the State of Zheng (died 522 BC)
Simonides of Ceos
elegistepigrammatist
Greek lyric poet (c. 556–468 BC)
Confucius
philosopherteacher
5th-century BCE Chinese philosopher and politician
Zuo Qiuming
historianwriter
Chinese historian (556–451 BC), responsible for an important commentary on Confucius's Spring & Autumn Annals
Śāriputra
monkphilosopher
Chief disciple of Gautama Buddha
Bias of Priene
lawyerorator
6th-century BC Greek sage
Painter of Acropolis 606
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Ancient Attic-Greek black-figure vase-painter
Brygos Painter
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek vase painter (5./6. century BCE)
Exekias
ancient Greek potterAttic vase-painter
Ancient Athenian vase painter
Pan Painter
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Ancient Attic-Greek vase-painter of the red-figure style
Phrynos Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek vase painter
Psiax
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Late 6th century BC Attic vase painter during the transition between the black-figure and red-figure styles, active 525 to 505 BC
Miltiades
military leadermilitary personnel
Greek Athenian statesman and general (c.550–489 BC)
Artemisia I of Caria
military leaderpolitician
5th century BC queen of Halicarnassus, Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos
Judah Maccabee
kohenmilitary commander
2nd century BCE Jewish priest and leader of Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucids
Min Sun
philosopher
Prominent disciple of Confucius (536–c.487 BC)
Yan Hui
philosopher
Chinese philosopher (c. 521–481 BC)
Bu Shang
philosopher
5th-century BC prominent disciple of Confucius
Helü
monarch
Twenty-fourth King of Chinese state of Wu from 514 to 496 BC
Themistocles
politiciansoldier
Athenian politician and general (c. 524–459 BC)
Theognis of Megara
elegistepigrammatist
Greek lyric poet active in approximately the sixth century BC
Phocylides
elegistepigrammatist
Ancient Greek writer
Xeniades
philosophersophist
Ancient Greek philosopher
-6th Century
45Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Nebuchadnezzar II
kingleader
King of Babylon
Anaximander
astronomergeographer
Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher
Eupalinos
architectengineer
Ancient Greek architect
Hippasus
mathematicianmusic theorist
5th-century BC Pythagorean philosopher
Amon
monarch
King of Judah noted in 2 Kings 21:18
Atlanersa
monarch
Kushite king of the mid 7th century BC
Nabonidus
king
King of Babylon
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
monarch
King of Rome from 535 to 509 BC
Nebuchadnezzar IV
monarch
Armenian leader of Babylonian revolt against the Achaemenid Empire (died 521 BC)
Gaumata
monarch
Third Achaemenid emperor (522–521 BC)
Archilochus of Paros
elegistepigrammatist
Ancient Greek lyric poet
Pittacus of Mytilene
military personnelphilosopher
Ancient Greek philosopher and politician
Sappho
authorcomposer
Ancient Greek poet from Lesbos (c. 630-c. 570 BC)
Semonides of Amorgos
poetwriter
Ancient Greek poet
Zoroaster
father of faithpoet
Founder of Zoroastrianism
Solon
elegistlegislator
Athenian legislator
Stesichorus
poetwriter
6th-century BCE Greek lyric poet
Alcaeus of Mytilene
poetpolitician
Greek lyric poet
Cleobulus of Lindos
philosopherpoet
Ancient philosopher
Aesop
fabulistmythographer
Ancient Greek storyteller (619 BC–563 BC)
Thespis
playwrightpoet
6th century BCE Greek actor and poet
Alcmaeon of Croton
philosopherphysician
5th-century BC Greek physician and philosopher
Ibycus
poetwriter
6th century BC Greek lyric poet
Darius the Mede
governorking
Biblical character (Book of Daniel), ancient king
Castellani Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Unidentified ancient Greek vase painter
Arkesilas Painter
black-figure vase painterlaconian vase-painter
Ancient Laconian-Greek vase-painter
Douris
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
5th-century BC Greek vase painter and potter
Eucharides Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Attic vase-painter at the edge of black- and red-figure style
Ptoon Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Ancient attic-Greek black-figure vase painter
Makron
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek vase painter (5./6. century BCE)
Berlin Painter
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek vase painter (5./6. century BCE)
Epiktetos
Attic vase-painterred-figure vase painter
Greek vase painter active between 520 and 490 BC
Sophilos
Attic potterAttic vase-painter
Ancient Athenian vase painter
Lydos
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
6th-century BC Greek vase painter
Acheloos Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Painter
Euthymides
ancient Greek potterAttic vase-painter
Late 6th century BC Athenian potter and painter of red-figure vases
Tomyris
military leaderruler
Queen of the Massagetae (fl. 6. century BCE)
Sunshu Ao
civil engineerengineer
Prime Minister in the State of Chu and Hydraulic engineer
Rusa III
monarch
King of Urartu
Rusa IV
monarch
King of Urartu, 590 BC-585 BC
Scylax of Caryanda
biographerexplorer
Greek explorer and writer of the late 6th and early 5th centuries BCE
Hecataeus of Miletus
geographerhistorian
Greek historian and geographer (c.550–c.476 BC)
Callinus
elegistpoet
Ancient Greek poet
Xu Mu
poetwriter
7th-century BC Chinese princess, politician and poet
Śuddhodana
politician
King of Shakya Kingdom
-7th Century
26Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Senkamanisken
monarchpharaoh
Nubian king, around 620 BC
Butades
ceramicistcoroplast
Ancient Greek potter
Ahaz
monarch
King of Judah
Hanunu
king
King of Gaza in the 8th century BCE
Baal I
monarch
King of Tyre
Necho II
monarch
2nd Egyptian pharaoh of the 26th dynasty
Aspelta
monarch
Kushite King
Abdi-Milkutti
monarch
Sidonian king
Perdiccas I of Macedon
monarch
King of Macedon, 700 BC to 678 BC
Humban-haltash III
monarch
Elamite king
Shallum
monarch
King of Israel, biblical figure
Hoshea
monarch
King of Israel
Trishala
queen
Mother of Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism
Tammaritu (son of Urtak)
monarch
Elamite king, 7th-century BC
King You of Zhou
monarch
King of Zhou Dynasty China
Guan Zhong
philosopherpolitician
Chinese chancellor and reformer (c. 720–645 BC)
Tyrtaeus
elegistpoet
Greek lyric poet
Arion
citharodedithyrambic poet
Kitharode in ancient Greece, a Dionysiac poet
Epimenides of Crete
philosopherpoet
7th/6th-century BC Greek seer, philosopher, and poet
Periander
philosopherpoet
Second tyrant of Corinth
Anacharsis
philosopherpolitician
Scythian philosopher
Gorgon Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek Attic black-figure vase painter
Nessos Painter
Attic vase-painterblack-figure vase painter
Ancient Greek black-figure vase painter
Ammeris
monarch
Egyptian ruler
Tempti-Huban-Inšušinak
monarch
Elamite king
Hesiod
mythographerpoet
Ancient Greek poet of the archaic period
-8th Century
23Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Yajnavalkya
astronomerphilosopher
One of the Great Sages of Vedic India
Osorkon IV
monarch
Egyptian pharaoh
Peftjauawybast
monarch
Egyptian ruler
Nimlot of Hermopolis
monarch
Egyptian ruler
Jehu
monarch
King of Israel
Jehoram
monarch
King of Ancient Israel
Jeroboam II
monarch
Israeli monarch
Shoshenq V
monarch
Egyptian pharaoh
Ahaziah
monarch
King of the Kingdom of Israel; son of Ahab and Jezebel
Eriba-Marduk
monarch
King of Babylon
Xuan
king
Eleventh king of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty
Argishti I of Urartu
monarch
King of Urartu
Zechariah of Israel
monarch
King of the Kingdom of Israel; son of Jeroboam II
Pekah
monarch
King of Israel
Pekahiah
monarch
King of Israel
Sarduri II
monarch
King of Urartu
King Li of Zhou
monarch
Tenth king of the Chinese Zhou Dynasty
King of Babylon
Argishti II
monarch
King of Urartu from 714 BC to 680 BC
Rusa II
monarch
King of Urartu
Djehutyemhat
monarch
Egyptian ruler of Hermopolis
Piye
statesperson
Ancient Kushite king and Egyptian pharaoh
Kashta
statesperson
King of Nubia (0800-0745)
-9th Century
10Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Karomama
politicianqueen consort
Egyptian queen consort
Jehoahaz
monarch
King of Israel 814 BC – 798 BC
Menua
monarch
King of Urartu
Suppiluliuma
monarch
King of Pattin
King Xiao of Zhou
monarch
King of Zhou Dynasty China
Omri
monarch
Sixth King of Israel
Ishpuini of Urartu
monarch
King of Urartu
Shalmaneser IV
monarchsovereign
Assyrian king
Arame of Urartu
monarch
King of Urartu
Alara of Nubia
king
King of Nubia before the 25th dynasty
-10th Century
2Figure
Lifespan
Notes
Origin
Labraid Loingsech
monarch
First millennium BCE High King of Ireland and mythic ancestor of the Laigin
Menelik I
ruler
Emperor of Ethiopia
Unknown Year
2Cannabaudes
Gothic leader of the Tervings (died 271)
Cornelia Salonina
Roman empress as the consort of Roman Emperor Gallienus (died 268)
Explore More for January 1
Discover historical events and other data for this day.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is the most famous person born on January 1?
Among notable people born on January 1, Jayavarman II, the founder of the Khmer Empire in Cambodia around 800 CE, and Simeon Stylites, an early Christian ascetic saint born in 389 CE, are historically significant figures.
Are there any ancient philosophers born on January 1?
Yes, Sabellius, a theologian known for his contributions to early Christian doctrine around 200 CE, and Aryadeva, a Buddhist philosopher who was a disciple of Nagarjuna, were both born on January 1.
How many famous people were born on January 1 throughout history?
Historical records list 132 notable people born on January 1, including religious figures, philosophers, rulers, and other influential personalities.